Journal ArticleDOI
A Silicon Central Pattern Generator Controls Locomotion in Vivo
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TLDR
This is the first demonstration of a neuromorphic device that can replace some functions of the central nervous system in vivo and controls the motor output of a paralyzed animal in real-time and enables it to walk along a three-meter platform.Abstract:
We present a neuromorphic silicon chip that emulates the activity of the biological spinal central pattern generator (CPG) and creates locomotor patterns to support walking. The chip implements ten integrate-and-fire silicon neurons and 190 programmable digital-to-analog converters that act as synapses. This architecture allows for each neuron to make synaptic connections to any of the other neurons as well as to any of eight external input signals and one tonic bias input. The chip's functionality is confirmed by a series of experiments in which it controls the motor output of a paralyzed animal in real-time and enables it to walk along a three-meter platform. The walking is controlled under closed-loop conditions with the aide of sensory feedback that is recorded from the animal's legs and fed into the silicon CPG. Although we and others have previously described biomimetic silicon locomotor control systems for robots, this is the first demonstration of a neuromorphic device that can replace some functions of the central nervous system in vivo.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neuromorphic Silicon Neuron Circuits
Giacomo Indiveri,Bernabe Linares-Barranco,Tara Julia Hamilton,André van Schaik,Ralph Etienne-Cummings,Tobi Delbruck,Shih-Chii Liu,Piotr Dudek,Philipp Hafliger,Sylvie Renaud,Johannes Schemmel,Gert Cauwenberghs,John V. Arthur,Kai Hynna,Fopefolu Folowosele,Sylvain Saïghi,Teresa Serrano-Gotarredona,Jayawan H B Wijekoon,Yingxue Wang,Kwabena Boahen +19 more
TL;DR: The most common building blocks and techniques used to implement these circuits, and an overview of a wide range of neuromorphic silicon neurons, which implement different computational models, ranging from biophysically realistic and conductance-based Hodgkin–Huxley models to bi-dimensional generalized adaptive integrate and fire models.
Posted Content
A Survey of Neuromorphic Computing and Neural Networks in Hardware.
Catherine D. Schuman,Thomas E. Potok,Robert M. Patton,J. Douglas Birdwell,Mark Edward Dean,Garrett S. Rose,James S. Plank +6 more
TL;DR: An exhaustive review of the research conducted in neuromorphic computing since the inception of the term is provided to motivate further work by illuminating gaps in the field where new research is needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuromorphic photonic networks using silicon photonic weight banks.
Alexander N. Tait,Thomas Ferreira de Lima,Ellen Zhou,Allie X. Wu,Mitchell A. Nahmias,Bhavin J. Shastri,Paul R. Prucnal +6 more
TL;DR: First observations of a recurrent silicon photonic neural network, in which connections are configured by microring weight banks are reported, and a mathematical isomorphism between the silicon photonics circuit and a continuous neural network model is demonstrated through dynamical bifurcation analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A 0.086-mm $^2$ 12.7-pJ/SOP 64k-Synapse 256-Neuron Online-Learning Digital Spiking Neuromorphic Processor in 28-nm CMOS
TL;DR: ODIN leverages an efficient implementation of the spike-driven synaptic plasticity (SDSP) learning rule for high-density embedded online learning with only 0.086-mm per 4-bit synapse and enables further developments toward cognitive neuromorphic devices for low-power, adaptive and low-cost processing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Is a 4-Bit Synaptic Weight Resolution Enough? – Constraints on Enabling Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity in Neuromorphic Hardware
Thomas Pfeil,Tobias C. Potjans,Sven Schrader,Wiebke Potjans,Wiebke Potjans,Johannes Schemmel,Markus Diesmann,Markus Diesmann,Karlheinz Meier +8 more
TL;DR: The proposition of a good hardware verification practice may rise synergy effects between hardware developers and neuroscientists, and how weight discretization could be considered for other backends dedicated to large-scale simulations is suggested.
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