Journal ArticleDOI
Accumulation of Microplastic on Shorelines Woldwide: Sources and Sinks
Mark Anthony Browne,Mark Anthony Browne,Mark Anthony Browne,Phillip Crump,S. J. Niven,Emma L. Teuten,Andrew Tonkin,Tamara S. Galloway,Richard C. Thompson +8 more
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TLDR
It is shown that microplastic contaminates the shorelines at 18 sites worldwide representing six continents from the poles to the equator, with more material in densely populated areas, but no clear relationship between the abundance of miocroplastics and the mean size-distribution of natural particulates.Abstract:
Plastic debris 1900 fibers per wash. This suggests that a large proportion of microplastic fibers found in the marine environment may be derived from sewage as a consequence of washing of clothes. As the human population grows and people use more synthetic textiles, contamination of habitats and animals by microplastic is likely to increase.read more
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Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Laurentian Great Lakes
Marcus Eriksen,Sherri A. Mason,Stiv Wilson,Carolyn Box,A.F. Zellers,William J. Edwards,Hannah Farley,Stephen Amato +7 more
TL;DR: The presence of microplastics and coal ash in these surface samples, which were most abundant where lake currents converge, are likely from nearby urban effluent and coal burning power plants.
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Uptake and Accumulation of Polystyrene Microplastics in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Toxic Effects in Liver.
TL;DR: The uptake and tissue accumulation of polystyrene microplastics in zebrafish were detected, and the toxic effects in liver were investigated, showing that both 5 μm and 70 nm PS-MPs caused inflammation and lipid accumulation in fish liver.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emerging threats and persistent conservation challenges for freshwater biodiversity
Andrea J. Reid,Andrew K. Carlson,Irena F. Creed,Erika J. Eliason,Peter Gell,Pieter T. J. Johnson,Karen A. Kidd,Tyson J. MacCormack,Julian D. Olden,Steve J. Ormerod,John P. Smol,William W. Taylor,Klement Tockner,Jesse C. Vermaire,David Dudgeon,Steven J. Cooke +15 more
TL;DR: Efforts to reverse global trends in freshwater degradation now depend on bridging an immense gap between the aspirations of conservation biologists and the accelerating rate of species endangerment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wastewater Treatment Works (WwTW) as a Source of Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment
TL;DR: This study shows that despite the efficient removal rates of MP achieved by this modern treatment plant when dealing with such a large volume of effluent even a modest amount of microplastics being released per liter of Effluent could result in significant amounts of micro Plastics entering the environment.
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Synthetic fibers in atmospheric fallout: A source of microplastics in the environment?
TL;DR: The atmospheric fallout of microplastics was investigated in two different urban and sub-urban sites and a rough estimation was shown showing that between 3 and 10 tons of fibers are deposited by atmospheric fallout at the scale of the Parisian agglomeration every year.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lost at sea: where is all the plastic?
Richard C. Thompson,Ylva S. Olsen,Richard P. Mitchell,Anthony Davis,Steven J. Rowland,Anthony W. G. John,Daniel F. McGonigle,Andrea E. Russell +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that microscopic plastic fragments and fibers are also widespread in the marine environment and may persist for centuries.
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Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments.
TL;DR: Global plastics production and the accumulation of plastic waste are documented, showing that trends in mega- and macro-plastic accumulation rates are no longer uniformly increasing and that the average size of plastic particles in the environment seems to be decreasing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife
Emma L. Teuten,Jovita M. Saquing,Detlef R.U. Knappe,Morton A. Barlaz,Susanne Jonsson,Annika Björn,Steven J. Rowland,Richard C. Thompson,Tamara S. Galloway,Rei Yamashita,Daisuke Ochi,Yutaka Watanuki,Charles J. Moore,Pham Hung Viet,Touch Seang Tana,Maricar S. Prudente,Ruchaya Boonyatumanond,Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria,Kongsap Akkhavong,Yuko Ogata,Hisashi Hirai,Satoru Iwasa,Kaoruko Mizukawa,Yuki Hagino,Ayako Imamura,Mahua Saha,Hideshige Takada +26 more
TL;DR: Model calculations and experimental observations consistently show that polyethylene accumulates more organic contaminants than other plastics such as polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, and PCBs could transfer from contaminated plastics to streaked shearwater chicks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plastics, the environment and human health: current consensus and future trends.
TL;DR: Current understanding of the benefits and concerns surrounding the use of plastics are synthesized, and future priorities, challenges and opportunities are looked to.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ingested Microscopic Plastic Translocates to the Circulatory System of the Mussel,Mytilus edulis(L.)
Mark Anthony Browne,Awantha Dissanayake,Tamara S. Galloway,David M. Lowe,Richard C. Thompson +4 more
TL;DR: The data indicate as plastic fragments into smaller particles, the potential for accumulation in the tissues of an organism increases and further work using a wider range of organisms, polymers, and periods of exposure will be required to establish the biological consequences of this debris.