ACE2, the Counter-Regulatory Renin-Angiotensin System Axis and COVID-19 Severity.
Filippos Triposkiadis,Andrew Xanthopoulos,Grigorios Giamouzis,Konstantinos Dean Boudoulas,Randall C. Starling,John Skoularigis,Harisios Boudoulas,Efstathios K. Iliodromitis +7 more
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TLDR
In this article, the relationship between ACE2 expression and function in the lungs and other organs and COVID-19 severity was discussed and the effect of ACE2 upregulation with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) counterbalances the risks due to counterregulatory RAS axis amplification.Abstract:
Angiotensin (ANG)-converting enzyme (ACE2) is an entry receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ACE2 also contributes to a deviation of the lung renin-angiotensin system (RAS) towards its counter-regulatory axis, thus transforming harmful ANG II to protective ANG (1-7). Based on this purported ACE2 double function, it has been put forward that the benefit from ACE2 upregulation with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) counterbalances COVID-19 risks due to counter-regulatory RAS axis amplification. In this manuscript we discuss the relationship between ACE2 expression and function in the lungs and other organs and COVID-19 severity. Recent data suggested that the involvement of ACE2 in the lung counter-regulatory RAS axis is limited. In this setting, an augmentation of ACE2 expression and/or a dissociation of ACE2 from the ANG (1-7)/Mas pathways that leaves unopposed the ACE2 function, the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, predisposes to more severe disease and it appears to often occur in the relevant risk factors. Further, the effect of RAASi on ACE2 expression and on COVID-19 severity and the overall clinical implications are discussed.read more
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References
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ACE2: At the crossroad of COVID-19 and lung cancer
TL;DR: In this paper, the same ACE2 receptor was also strongly upregulated in lungs during SARS-CoV2 infection and lung cancer patients were found to be more susceptible to COVID-19 infection.
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High Expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 at the Resection Margin Makes Lung Cancer Survivors Susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 With Unfavorable Prognosis
Qianqian Wang,Liangyu Li,Tianyu Qu,Jie Li,Lingxiang Wu,Kening Li,Ziyu Wang,Mengyan Zhu,Bin Huang,Wei Wu,Min Wu,Rong Ding,Zhihong Zhang,Qianghu Wang,Xinyi Xia,Pengping Li,Zhang Zhi,Renhua Guo +17 more
TL;DR: During treatment, lung cancer survivors infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 had a shorter median time from symptom onset to hospitalization and longer clinical symptom remission time than non-cancer individuals.
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Lung and Kidney ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in Renin Angiotensin System Blocker Treated Comorbid Diabetic Mice Mimicking Host Factors That Have Been Linked to Severe COVID-19.
Sri N. Batchu,Harmandeep Kaur,Veera Ganesh Yerra,Suzanne L. Advani,M. Golam Kabir,Youan Liu,Thomas Klein,Andrew Advani +7 more
TL;DR: Study of lung and kidney ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in diabetic mice mimicking host factors linked to severe COVID-19 found upregulation of lung ACE2 activity in comorbid diabetes may contribute to an increased risk of severe CO VID-19.
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Evaluation of COVID-19 based on ACE2 expression in normal and cancer patients
Peng Ren,Caifeng Gong,Shaohua Ma +2 more
TL;DR: The results showed that the kidneys, duodenum, intestine, gallbladder and testis had the highest ACE2 expressions, followed by the colon, rectum and seminal vesicles, andACE2 expressions were upregulated in renal cancer, gastrointestinal tumor and lung cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
SARS-CoV-2 in upper and lower airway samples of a laryngectomized patient: New insights and many lessons.
Oreste Gallo,Michele Trotta,Pietro Orlando,Giandomenico Maggiore,Eleonora Bicci,Luca Giovanni Locatello +5 more
TL;DR: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharyngeal swab of a laryngectomee is reported and it is reported that viral nasal priming might modulate the systemic inflammatory response.