Adaptive Millimeter Wave Beam Alignment for Dual-Polarized MIMO Systems
TLDR
In this paper, a soft-decision beam alignment (soft-alignment) algorithm that exploits orthogonal polarizations is proposed to compensate for the high path loss of mmWave and the physical obstructions make communication challenging.Abstract:Â
Fifth-generation wireless systems are expected to employ multiple-antenna communication at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies using small cells within heterogeneous cellular networks. The high path loss of mmWave and the physical obstructions make communication challenging. To compensate for the severe path loss, mmWave systems may employ a beam alignment algorithm that facilitates highly directional transmission by aligning the beam direction of multiple antenna arrays. This paper discusses a mmWave system employing dual-polarized antennas. First, we propose a practical soft-decision beam alignment (soft-alignment) algorithm that exploits orthogonal polarizations. By sounding the orthogonal polarizations in parallel, the equality criterion of the Welch bound for training sequences is relaxed. Second, the analog beamforming system is adapted to the directional characteristics of the mmWave link, assuming a high Ricean $K$ -factor and poor scattering environment. A soft-alignment algorithm enables the mmWave system to align a large number of narrow beams to the channel subspace in an attempt to effectively scan the mmWave channel. Third, we propose a method to efficiently adapt the number of channel sounding observations to the specific channel environment based on an approximate probability of beam misalignment. Simulation results show that the proposed soft-alignment algorithm with adaptive sounding time effectively scans the channel subspace of a mobile user by exploiting polarization diversity.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Millimeter-Wave 5G Antennas for Smartphones: Overview and Experimental Demonstration
TL;DR: The effectiveness, current limitations, and required future research areas regarding the presented millimeter-wave 5G antenna design technologies are studied using mmWave 5G system benchmarks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multi-Resolution Codebook and Adaptive Beamforming Sequence Design for Millimeter Wave Beam Alignment
TL;DR: The design of multi-resolution beamforming sequences to enable the system to quickly search out the dominant channel direction for single-path channels are considered, which generates a multilevel beamforming sequence that strikes a balance between minimizing the training overhead and maximizing beamforming gain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Common Codebook Millimeter Wave Beam Design: Designing Beams for Both Sounding and Communication With Uniform Planar Arrays
TL;DR: In this article, a set of transmit beamformers were designed to adapt to the directional characteristics of mmWave links assuming a uniform planar array (UPA) and hybrid beamforming.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances on Exploiting Polarization in Wireless Communications: Channels, Technologies, and Applications
TL;DR: This paper thoroughly surveys recent advances in polarization channels, polarization technologies, and their applications to emerging communication scenarios including energy-efficient communications, cognitive radio networks, and in-band full-duplex transmission and presents the state of theart research progress on each aspect.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Codebook design for hybrid beamforming in millimeter wave systems
TL;DR: A codebook design algorithm for the beamforming by considering the directional characteristic of mmWave links is proposed and shown that the proposed codebook outperforms previously reported codebooks for mmWave systems.
References
More filters
Book
Probability, random variables and stochastic processes
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the concept of a Random Variable, the meaning of Probability, and the axioms of probability in terms of Markov Chains and Queueing Theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Millimeter Wave Mobile Communications for 5G Cellular: It Will Work!
Theodore S. Rappaport,Shu Sun,Rimma Mayzus,Hang Zhao,Yaniv Azar,Kevin H. Wang,George N. Wong,Jocelyn K. Schulz,Mathew K. Samimi,Felix Gutierrez +9 more
TL;DR: The motivation for new mm-wave cellular systems, methodology, and hardware for measurements are presented and a variety of measurement results are offered that show 28 and 38 GHz frequencies can be used when employing steerable directional antennas at base stations and mobile devices.
Book
Random variables and stochastic processes
TL;DR: An electromagnetic pulse counter having successively operable, contact-operating armatures that are movable to a rest position, an intermediate position and an active position between the main pole and the secondary pole of a magnetic circuit.
Journal ArticleDOI
An introduction to millimeter-wave mobile broadband systems
Zhouyue Pi,Farooq Khan +1 more
TL;DR: This article introduces a millimeter-wave mobile broadband (MMB) system as a candidate next generation mobile communication system and demonstrates the feasibility for MMB to achieve gigabit-per-second data rates at a distance up to 1 km in an urban mobile environment.