Basal host resistance of barley to powdery mildew: connecting quantitative trait Loci and candidate genes.
Reza Aghnoum,Thierry C. Marcel,Annika Johrde,Nicola Pecchioni,Patrick Schweizer,Rients E. Niks +5 more
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TLDR
The quantitative trait loci (QTL) for powdery mildew resistance in six mapping populations of barley at seedling and adult plant stages are mapped and an improved high-density integrated genetic map containing 6,990 markers for comparing QTL and candidate gene positions over mapping populations is developed.Abstract:
The basal resistance of barley to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f sp hordei) is a quantitatively inherited trait that is based on nonhypersensitive mechanisms of defense A functional genomic approach indicates that many plant candidate genes are involved in the defense against formation of fungal haustoria It is not known which of these candidate genes have allelic variation that contributes to the natural variation in powdery mildew resistance, because many of them may be highly conserved within the barley species and may act downstream of the basal resistance reaction Twenty-two expressed sequence tag or cDNA clone sequences that are likely to play a role in the barley-Blumeria interaction based on transcriptional profiling, gene silencing, or overexpression data, as well as mlo, Ror1, and Ror2, were mapped and considered candidate genes for contribution to basal resistance We mapped the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for powdery mildew resistance in six mapping populations of barley at seedling and adult plant stages and developed an improved high-density integrated genetic map containing 6,990 markers for comparing QTL and candidate gene positions over mapping populations We mapped 12 QTL at seedling stage and 13 QTL at adult plant stage, of which four were in common between the two developmental stages Six of the candidate genes showed coincidence in their map positions with the QTL identified for basal resistance to powdery mildew This co-localization justifies giving priority to those six candidate genes to validate them as being responsible for the phenotypic effects of the QTL for basal resistanceread more
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Natural variation in a homolog of Antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS contributed to spring growth habit and environmental adaptation in cultivated barley
Jordi Comadran,Benjamin Kilian,Joanne Russell,Luke Ramsay,Nils Stein,Martin W. Ganal,Paul Shaw,Micha Bayer,William T. B. Thomas,David Marshall,Pete E. Hedley,Alessandro Tondelli,Nicola Pecchioni,Enrico Francia,Viktor Korzun,Alexander Walther,Robbie Waugh +16 more
TL;DR: The distribution of HvCEN alleles in a large collection of wild and landrace accessions indicates that this involved selection and enrichment of preexisting genetic variants rather than the acquisition of mutations after domestication.
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A convenient method for simultaneous quantification of multiple phytohormones and metabolites: application in study of rice-bacterium interaction
TL;DR: The results obtained by application of this UFLC-ESI-MS method in studying rice-bacterial interaction provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms of rice defense responses.
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Quantitative resistance to biotrophic filamentous plant pathogens: concepts, misconceptions, and mechanisms.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that much of the QR to biotrophic filamentous pathogens is basal resistance, i.e., poor suppression of PAMP-triggered defense by effectors is proposed, and what role effectors play in suppressing defense or improving access to nutrients is discussed.
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Plant Innate Immune Response: Qualitative and Quantitative Resistance
TL;DR: This work has shown that resistance genes (R), against qualitative and quantitative resistance, can be identified in germplasm collections and replaced in commercial cultivars, if nonfunctional, based on genome editing to improve plant resistance.
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Nonhost Resistance of Rice to Rust Pathogens
Michael Ayliffe,Rosangela Devilla,Rohit Mago,Rosemary G. White,Mark J. Talbot,Anthony J. Pryor,Hei Leung +6 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that basic compatibility is an important determinate of nonhost infection outcomes of rust diseases on cereals, with cereal rusts being more capable of infecting a cereal nonhost species compared with rust species that are adapted for dicot hosts.
References
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MapChart: Software for the Graphical Presentation of Linkage Maps and QTLs
TL;DR: MapChart is a software package that takes as input the linkage and QTL data and generates charts of linkage maps andQTLs and is exported as vector graphics rather than bitmaps, which makes them easy to rescale and to edit further if desired.
Journal ArticleDOI
High Resolution of Quantitative Traits Into Multiple Loci via Interval Mapping
Ritsert C. Jansen,Piet Stam +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a general method is described for multiple linear regression of a quantitative phenotype on genotype [putative quantitative trait loci and markers] in segregating generations obtained from line crosses.
Journal ArticleDOI
SNARE-protein-mediated disease resistance at the plant cell wall
Nicholas C. Collins,Hans Thordal-Christensen,Volker Lipka,Stephan Bau,Erich Kombrink,Jin-Long Qiu,Ralph Hückelhoven,Mónica Stein,Andreas Freialdenhoven,Shauna Somerville,Paul Schulze-Lefert +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that resistance in barley requires a SNAP-25 (synaptosome-associated protein, molecular mass 25 kDa) homologue capable of forming a binary SNAP receptor (SNARE) complex with ROR2, and functions associated with SNARE-dependent penetration resistance are dispensable for immunity mediated by race-specific resistance (R) genes, highlighting fundamental differences between these two resistance forms.
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Interval mapping of multiple quantitative trait loci
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to combine multiple linear regression methods with conventional interval mapping, which is achieved by fitting one QTL at a time in a given interval and simultaneously using genetic markers as cofactors to eliminate the effects of additional QTLs.
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