Brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotype is associated with brain gray and white matter tissue volumes recovery in abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals
Anderson Mon,Anderson Mon,Timothy C. Durazzo,Timothy C. Durazzo,Stefan Gazdzinski,Kent E. Hutchison,David L. Pennington,David L. Pennington,Dieter J. Meyerhoff,Dieter J. Meyerhoff +9 more
TLDR
It is suggested that functionally significant brain tissue volume recovery during abstinence from alcohol is influenced by BDNF genotype, and improvements in neurocognitive measures during abstinence.Abstract:
Neuroimaging studies have linked the methionine (Met) allele of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF ) gene to abnormal regional brain volumes in several psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. However, no neuroimaging studies assessed the effects of this allele on brain morphology in alcohol use disorders and its demonstrated change during abstinence from alcohol. Here we assessed the effects of the BDNF Val66Met (rs6265) polymorphism on regional brain tissue volumes and their recovery during short-term abstinence in treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent individuals. 3D T1 weighted magnetic resonance images from 62 individuals were acquired at 1.5 T at one week of abstinence from alcohol; 41 of the participants were rescanned at 5 weeks of abstinence. The images were segmented into gray matter (GM), white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid and parcellated into regional volumes. The BDNF genotype was determined from blood samples using the TaqMan technique. Alcohol-dependent Val (Valine)/Met heterozygotes and Val homozygotes had similar regional brain volumes at either time point. However, Val homozygotes had significant GM volume increases, while Val/Met heterozygotes increased predominantly in WM volumes over the scan interval. Longitudinal increases in GM but not WM volumes were related to improvements in neurocognitive measures during abstinence. The findings suggest that functionally significant brain tissue volume recovery during abstinence from alcohol is influenced by BDNF genotype.read more
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A Role for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Increasing the Effectiveness of Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders
TL;DR: Current evidence for indirect and moderating relationships of cognitive impairment to treatment outcome is summarized, and how advances in conceptual frameworks of brain-behavior relationships are fueling the development of novel AUD interventions that include techniques for cognitive remediation is discussed.
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Molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol-drinking behaviours
Dorit Ron,Segev Barak +1 more
TL;DR: Examination of studies that have combined molecular and behavioural approaches in rodents to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that keep the social intake of alcohol in check and the neuroadaptations that underlie the transition from moderate to uncontrolled, excessive alcohol intake are examined.
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BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and hippocampal volume in neuropsychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fabienne Harrisberger,Renata Smieskova,André Schmidt,Claudia Lenz,Anna Walter,Katharina Wittfeld,Hans J. Grabe,Undine E. Lang,Paolo Fusar-Poli,Stefan Borgwardt,Stefan Borgwardt +10 more
TL;DR: A meta-analysis suggests that there is no association between this BDNF polymorphism and hippocampal volumes in neuropsychiatric patients with major depressive disorder, anxiety, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recovery of neurocognitive functions following sustained abstinence after substance dependence and implications for treatment.
Mieke H. J. Schulte,Janna Cousijn,Tess E. den Uyl,Anna E. Goudriaan,Wim van den Brink,Dick J. Veltman,Thelma Schilt,Reinout W. Wiers +7 more
TL;DR: Prospective studies indicate that sustained abstinence after SUDs generally results in (partial) neurocognitive recovery, and there are predictors of an unfavorable course such as poly-substance use and number of previous detoxifications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Serial longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data indicate non-linear regional gray matter volume recovery in abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals.
Timothy C. Durazzo,Timothy C. Durazzo,Anderson Mon,Anderson Mon,Stefan Gazdzinski,Stefan Gazdzinski,Ping-Hong Yeh,Ping-Hong Yeh,Dieter J. Meyerhoff,Dieter J. Meyerhoff +9 more
TL;DR: The trajectory of regional volume changes during the first year of sustained abstinence in those recovering from an alcohol use disorder is unclear because previous research typically employed only two assessment points as discussed by the authors, and the trajectory of brain volume recovery in treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent individuals (ALC), regional brain volumes were measured after 1 week, 1 month and 7.5 months of sustaining abstinence via magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5
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