Journal ArticleDOI
Brain tissue reaction to some chronically implanted metals
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The toxicity of certain metals was evaluated histologically following chronic implantation for 2 months in the brains of cats and all but silver were found to be nontoxic.Abstract:
✓ The toxicity of certain metals, namely, platinum, platinum-8% tungsten, platinum-10% rhodium, platinum-10% iridium, platinum-10% nickel, platinized platinum, a gold-nickel-chromium alloy, a gold-palladium-rhodium alloy, a chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy (Vitallium), stainless steel, silver, rhenium, and gold, was evaluated histologically following chronic implantation for 2 months in the brains of cats. Of the above metals, all but silver were found to be nontoxic. Boron was also evaluated and found to be nontoxic.read more
Citations
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Electrical stimulation of excitable tissue: design of efficacious and safe protocols.
TL;DR: The physical basis for electrical stimulation of excitable tissue, as used by electrophysiological researchers and clinicians in functional electrical stimulation, is presented with emphasis on the fundamental mechanisms of charge injection at the electrode/tissue interface.
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Neuronal cell loss accompanies the brain tissue response to chronically implanted silicon microelectrode arrays
TL;DR: Persistent ED1 up-regulation and neuronal loss was not observed in microelectrode stab controls indicating that the phenotype did not result from the initial mechanical trauma of electrode implantation, but was associated with the foreign body response.
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Auditory prostheses research with multiple channel intracochlear stimulation in man.
TL;DR: Results of pitch-matching experiments with the unilaterally deaf volunteer were consistent with tonotopic maps of the cochlea, and experiments indicated that a pitch continuum may be achieved by combining place and periodicity pitch modulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrochemical Considerations for Safe Electrical Stimulation of the Nervous System with Platinum Electrodes
S. B. Brummer,M. J. Turner +1 more
TL;DR: Three conceptually safe methods of injecting charge from a noble metal into tissue: modification of the electrical double layer at the interface and coupling via either of two symmetrical surface-layer oxidation-reduction processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Progress towards biocompatible intracortical microelectrodes for neural interfacing applications
Mehdi Jorfi,John L. Skousen,John L. Skousen,Christoph Weder,Jeffrey R. Capadona,Jeffrey R. Capadona +5 more
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive reflection on the current understanding of the key failure modes that may impact intracortical microelectrode performance and presents the vision on the future directions of materials-based treatments for neural interfacing.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Healing Process in Wounds of the Brain
Journal ArticleDOI
Toxic effects of intra-cerebral electrodes.
R. Cooper,H. J. Crow +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present EEG evidence showing widespread abnormal EEG activity caused by intra-cerabral silver electrodes, which indicates that certain metals are toxic when implanted deep within the brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
The recent history of corrosion in metal used for internal fixation.
W.H. Cater,J.H. Hicks +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Is needle puncture of the brain entirely harmless.
TL;DR: The patient had an enlarged head, mental retardation, and bilateral spastic weakness more pronounced on the right side, and was discharged home with recommendation of frequent follow-up examinations.