Cancer incidence and mortality among young adults aged 20–39 years worldwide in 2012: a population-based study
Miranda M. Fidler,Sumit Gupta,Isabelle Soerjomataram,Jacques Ferlay,Eva Steliarova-Foucher,Freddie Bray +5 more
TLDR
The global cancer burden among 20-39 year-olds differs from that seen in younger or older ages and varies substantially by age, sex, development level, and geographical region; generally, the burden of infection-associated cancers was greater in regions under transition.Abstract:
Summary Background To date, the burden of cancer among young adults has rarely been studied in depth. Our aim was to describe the scale and profile of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide among 20–39 year-olds, highlighting major patterns by age, sex, development level, and geographical region. Methods We did a population-based study to quantify the burden of young adult cancers worldwide. We defined young adult cancers as those occurring between the ages of 20 and 39 years because these individuals will have passed puberty and adolescence, but not yet experienced the effects of hormonal decline, immune response deterioration, or organ dysfunction associated with chronic health conditions. Global, regional, and country-specific (n=184) data estimates of the number of new cancer cases and cancer-associated deaths that occurred in 2012 among young adults were extracted in four 5-year bands from the International Agency for Research on Cancer's GLOBOCAN 2012 for all cancers combined and for 27 major types as defined by the International Classification of Disease, tenth revision. We report the number of new cancer cases and cancer-associated deaths overall and by sex alongside corresponding age-standardised rates (ASR) per 100 000 people per year. We also present results using four levels of the Human Development Index (HDI; low [least developed], medium, high, and very high [most developed]), which is a composite indicator for socioeconomic development comprising life expectancy, education, and gross national income. Findings 975 396 new cancer cases and 358 392 cancer-associated deaths occurred among young adults worldwide in 2012, which equated to an ASR of 43·3 new cancer cases per 100 000 people per year and 15·9 cancer-associated deaths per 100 000 people per year. The burden was disproportionally greater among women and the most common cancer types overall in terms of new cases were female breast cancer, cervical cancer, thyroid cancer, leukaemia, and colorectal cancer; in terms of deaths, female breast cancer, liver cancer, leukaemia, and cervical cancer were the main contributors. When assessed by development level and geographical region, the cancer profile varied substantially; generally, the burden of infection-associated cancers was greater in regions under transition. Cancer incidence was elevated in very high-HDI regions compared with low-HDI regions (ASR 64·5 vs 46·2 cancer cases per 100 000 people per year); however, the mortality burden was 3 times higher in low-HDI regions (ASR 25·4 vs 9·2 cancer-associated deaths per 100 000 people per year), reflecting differences in cancer profiles and inferior outcomes. Interpretation The global cancer burden among 20–39 year-olds differs from that seen in younger or older ages and varies substantially by age, sex, development level, and geographical region. Although the cancer burden is lower in this age group than that observed in older ages, the societal and economic effects remain great given the major effects of premature morbidity and mortality. Targeted surveillance, prevention, and treatment are needed to reduce the cancer burden in this underserved age group. Funding International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and European Commission's FP-7 Marie Curie Actions–People–COFUND.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for radiotherapy sensitization in cancer.
Ruixue Huang,Ping-Kun Zhou +1 more
TL;DR: An update on the novel and promising druggable targets emerging from DDR pathways that can be exploited for radiosensitization is provided and challenges for ionizing radiation-induced signal transduction and targeted therapy are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fertility preservation and post-treatment pregnancies in post-pubertal cancer patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines†
Matteo Lambertini,Fedro A. Peccatori,Isabelle Demeestere,Frédéric Amant,Christine Wyns,Jan-Bernd Stukenborg,Shani Paluch-Shimon,Michael J. Halaska,Catherine Uzan,Julia Meissner,M. von Wolff,Richard A. Anderson,Karin Jordan +12 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, Featuring Cancer in Men and Women Age 20-49 Years.
Elizabeth Ward,Recinda L. Sherman,Henley Sj,Ahmedin Jemal,David A. Siegel,Eric J. Feuer,Firth Au,Betsy A. Kohler,Susan Scott,Jiemin Ma,Robert N. Anderson,Benard,Kathleen A. Cronin +12 more
TL;DR: Among people of all ages and ages 20–49 years, favorable as well as unfavorable trends in site-specific cancer incidence were observed, whereas trends in death rates were generally favorable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Childhood cancer burden: a review of global estimates.
Nickhill Bhakta,Lisa M. Force,Claudia Allemani,Rifat Atun,Freddie Bray,Michel P Coleman,Eva Steliarova-Foucher,A. Lindsay Frazier,Leslie L. Robison,Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo,Christina Fitzmaurice,Christina Fitzmaurice +11 more
TL;DR: This Review analyzes four studies of the global cancer burden that included data for children and adolescents and proposes several recommendations to strengthen data collection and standardise analyses that could help stakeholders to develop plans for national and institutional cancer programmes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disrupting gender norms in health systems: making the case for change
Katherine Hay,Lotus McDougal,Valerie Percival,Sarah Henry,Jeni Klugman,Jeni Klugman,Haja Wurie,Joanna Raven,Fortunate Shabalala,Rebecca Fielding-Miller,Arnab Dey,Nabamallika Dehingia,Rosemary Morgan,Yamini Atmavilas,Niranjan Saggurti,Jennifer Yore,Elena Blokhina,Rumana Huque,Edwine Barasa,Nandita Bhan,Chandani Kharel,Jay G. Silverman,Anita Raj,Gary L. Darmstadt,Margaret E. Greene,Sarah Hawkes,Lori Heise,Jody Heymann,Ruth Levine,Geeta Rao Gupta +29 more
TL;DR: It is found that institutional support and respect of nurses improves quality of care, and that women's empowerment collectives can increase health-care access and provider responsiveness and propose action to systematically identify and address restrictive gender norms and gender inequalities in health systems.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012.
Jacques Ferlay,Isabelle Soerjomataram,Rajesh Dikshit,Sultan Eser,Colin Mathers,Marise Souto Rebelo,Donald Maxwell Parkin,David Forman,Freddie Bray +8 more
TL;DR: The GLOBOCAN series of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as mentioned in this paper provides estimates of the worldwide incidence and mortality from 27 major cancers and for all cancers combined for 2012.
Journal ArticleDOI
Worldwide Thyroid-Cancer Epidemic? The Increasing Impact of Overdiagnosis
Salvatore Vaccarella,Silvia Franceschi,Freddie Bray,Christopher P. Wild,Martyn Plummer,Luigino Dal Maso +5 more
TL;DR: There are concerns that hundreds of thousands of cases may be overdiagnoses — diagnosis of tumors that would not, if left alone, result in symptoms or death.
Journal ArticleDOI
Survival of European children and young adults with cancer diagnosed 1995-2002.
Gemma Gatta,Giulia Zigon,Riccardo Capocaccia,Jan Willem Coebergh,Emmanuel Desandes,Peter Kaatsch,Guido Pastore,Rafael Peris-Bonet,Charles A. Stiller +8 more
TL;DR: Between-country survival differences narrowed for both children and adolescents/young adults, and survival improved significantly over time for acute lymphoid leukaemia and primitive neuroectodermal tumours in children and for non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adolescents/ young adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Trends in Breast Cancer Among Younger Women in the United States
TL;DR: The annual percentage change in the incidence of invasive breast cancers decreased modestly among older women but increased among younger (<40 years) white women, and the black-white crossover among younger women was largely restricted to breast cancers with favorable tumor characteristics.
Related Papers (5)
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists During Chemotherapy for Preservation of Ovarian Function and Fertility in Premenopausal Patients With Early Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient–Level Data
Matteo Lambertini,Halle C. F. Moore,Robert C. F. Leonard,Sibylle Loibl,Pamela N. Munster,Marco Bruzzone,Luca Boni,Joseph M. Unger,Richard A. Anderson,Keyur Mehta,Susan Minton,Francesca Poggio,Kathy S. Albain,Douglas Adamson,Bernd Gerber,Amy Cripps,Gianfilippo Bertelli,Sabine Seiler,Marcello Ceppi,Ann H. Partridge,Lucia Del Mastro +20 more