Cannabis smoking and lung cancer risk: Pooled analysis in the International Lung Cancer Consortium
Li Rita Zhang,Hal Morgenstern,Sander Greenland,Shen Chih Chang,Philip Lazarus,M. Dawn Teare,Penella J. Woll,Irene Orlow,Brian Cox,Yonathan Brhane,Geoffrey Liu,Rayjean J. Hung +11 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Results from the pooled analyses provide little evidence for an increased risk of lung cancer among habitual or long‐term cannabis smokers, although the possibility of potential adverse effect for heavy consumption cannot be excluded.Abstract:
To investigate the association between cannabis smoking and lung cancer risk, data on 2,159 lung cancer cases and 2,985 controls were pooled from 6 case-control studies in the US, Canada, UK, and New Zealand within the International Lung Cancer Consortium. Study-specific associations between cannabis smoking and lung cancer were estimated using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographic factors, tobacco smoking status and pack-years; odds-ratio estimates were pooled using random effects models. Subgroup analyses were done for sex, histology and tobacco smoking status. The shapes of dose-response associations were examined using restricted cubic spline regression. The overall pooled OR for habitual versus nonhabitual or never users was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.66-1.38). Compared to nonhabitual or never users, the summary OR was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.63-1.24) for individuals who smoked 1 or more joint-equivalents of cannabis per day and 0.94 (95%CI: 0.67-1.32) for those consumed at least 10 joint-years. For adenocarcinoma cases the ORs were 1.73 (95%CI: 0.75-4.00) and 1.74 (95%CI: 0.85-3.55), respectively. However, no association was found for the squamous cell carcinoma based on small numbers. Weak associations between cannabis smoking and lung cancer were observed in never tobacco smokers. Spline modeling indicated a weak positive monotonic association between cumulative cannabis use and lung cancer, but precision was low at high exposure levels. Results from our pooled analyses provide little evidence for an increased risk of lung cancer among habitual or long-term cannabis smokers, although the possibility of potential adverse effect for heavy consumption cannot be excluded.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Current State of Evidence and Recommendations for Research
TL;DR: Despite increased cannabis use and a changing state-level policy landscape, conclusive evidence regarding the shortand long-term health effects—both harms and benefits—of cannabis use remains elusive.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer Progress and Priorities: Lung Cancer
TL;DR: In the United States, lung cancer is the second most common diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death and the major risk factor is tobacco smoking.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines: A Comprehensive Update of Evidence and Recommendations
Benedikt Fischer,Cayley Russell,Pamela Sabioni,Wim van den Brink,Bernard Le Foll,Wayne Hall,Jürgen Rehm,Robin Room +7 more
TL;DR: Evidence indicates that a substantial extent of the risk of adverse health outcomes from cannabis use may be reduced by informed behavioral choices among users, and evidence-based Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines serve as a population-level education and intervention tool to inform such user choices toward improved public health outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Effects of Cannabis Among Adults With Chronic Pain and an Overview of General Harms: A Systematic Review
Shannon M. Nugent,Benjamin J. Morasco,Maya E O'Neil,Michele Freeman,Allison Low,Karli Kondo,Camille Elven,Bernadette Zakher,Makalapua Motu'apuaka,Robin Paynter,Devan Kansagara +10 more
TL;DR: The objectives of this systematic review were to assess the efficacy of cannabis for treating chronic pain and to provide a broad overview of the short- and long-term physical and mental health effects of cannabis use in Chronic pain and general patient populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Routes of administration for cannabis use – basic prevalence and related health outcomes: A scoping review and synthesis
Cayley Russell,Sergio Rueda,Sergio Rueda,Robin Room,Robin Room,Mark W. Tyndall,Benedikt Fischer +6 more
TL;DR: There is a paucity of rigorous and high-quality data on health outcomes from cannabis ROAs, especially in direct and quantifiable comparison, yet systematic data for comparative assessments are largely lacking.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of cannabis on pulmonary structure, function and symptoms
Sarah Aldington,Mathew Williams,Michael Nowitz,Mark Weatherall,Alison Pritchard,Amanda McNaughton,Geoffrey Robinson,Richard Beasley +7 more
TL;DR: Smoking cannabis was associated with a dose-related impairment of large airways function resulting in airflow obstruction and hyperinflation and the 1:2.5–5 dose equivalence between cannabis joints and tobacco cigarettes for adverse effects on lung function is of major public health significance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol inhibits antitumor immunity by a CB2 receptor-mediated, cytokine-dependent pathway
Li X. Zhu,Sherven Sharma,Sherven Sharma,Marina Stolina,Brian Gardner,Michael D. Roth,Donald P. Tashkin,Steven M. Dubinett,Steven M. Dubinett +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive component of marijuana, suppresses host immune reactivity against lung cancer and promotes tumor growth by inhibiting antitumor immunity by a CB2 receptor-mediated, cytokine-dependent pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Marijuana Use and the Risk of Lung and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers: Results of a Population-Based Case-Control Study
Mia Hashibe,Hal Morgenstern,Yan Cui,Donald P. Tashkin,Zuo-Feng Zhang,Wendy Cozen,Thomas M. Mack,Sander Greenland +7 more
TL;DR: The association of lung and upper aerodigestive tract cancers with marijuana, even long-term or heavy use, is not strong and may be below practically detectable limits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Respiratory symptoms and lung function in habitual heavy smokers of marijuana alone, smokers of marijuana and tobacco, smokers of tobacco alone, and nonsmokers.
Donald P. Tashkin,Anne H. Coulson,Virginia A. Clark,Michael S. Simmons,Linda B. Bourque,Shyun Duann,Gary H. Spivey,Henry Gong +7 more
TL;DR: Significant worsening effects of marijuana but not to tobacco on specific airway conductance and airway resistance in men and of tobacco but not of marijuana on carbon monoxide diffusing capacity and on closing volume, closing capacity, and the slope of Phase III of the single-breath nitrogen washout curve are noted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association between marijuana exposure and pulmonary function over 20 years.
Mark J. Pletcher,Eric Vittinghoff,Ravi Kalhan,Joshua S. Richman,Joshua S. Richman,Monika M. Safford,Stephen Sidney,Feng Lin,Stefan G. Kertesz,Stefan G. Kertesz +9 more
TL;DR: Occasional and low cumulative marijuana use was not associated with adverse effects on pulmonary function, and tobacco exposure, both current and lifetime, was linearly associated with lower FEV(1) and FVC.