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Cell Viability Assays

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TLDR
This chapter describes selected assays for the evaluation of cellular viability and proliferation of cell cultures using the formation of the omnipresent reducing agents NADH and NADPH as a marker for metabolic activity in the following assays.
Abstract
This chapter describes selected assays for the evaluation of cellular viability and proliferation of cell cultures. The underlying principle of these assays is the measurement of a biochemical marker to evaluate the cell’s metabolic activity. The formation of the omnipresent reducing agents NADH and NADPH is used as a marker for metabolic activity in the following assays. Using NADH and NADPH as electron sources, specific dyes are biochemically reduced which results in a color change that can be determined with basic photometrical methods. The assays selected for this chapter include MTT, WST, and resazurin. They are applicable for adherent or suspended cell lines, easy to perform, and comparably economical. Detailed protocols and notes for easier handling and avoiding pitfalls are enclosed to each assay.

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Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of mycotoxin fusaric acid.

TL;DR: It is pointed out that being exposed to FA at high concentrations show cytotoxicity, and no genotoxic effects were seen in human lymphocytes in vitro using CA, SCE and MN assays.
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Comparison of ionic polymers in the targeted drug delivery applications as the coating materials on the Fe3O4 nanoparticles.

TL;DR: The results showed that the drug delivery agents coated with cationic biopolymers with catedic surface properties significantly reduced cancer cell viability compared to the anionic and nonionic polymer coatings even though their drug loading capacities were found to be the lowest.
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Phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) nanodispersions as potential anti-inflammatory therapeutics: Comparison of in vitro activity and impact of pegylation

TL;DR: A high potential of the tested formulations for phospholipid-based anti-inflammatory therapies is indicated, and the impact of liposome-pegylation on the reduction of the TNFα-production caused by the PS- and PG-liposomes is studied.
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Bortezomib Warhead-Switch Confers Dual Activity against Mycobacterial Caseinolytic Protease and Proteasome and Selectivity against Human Proteasome

TL;DR: This study synthesized an analog containing a chloromethyl ketone instead of the boronic acid warhead and determined potencies against the bacterial and human enzymes, suggesting that selectivity over the human proteasome is achievable.
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Eugenol restricts Cancer Stem Cell population by degradation of β-catenin via N-terminal Ser37 phosphorylation-an in vivo and in vitro experimental evaluation

TL;DR: It can be concluded from the study that eugenol exerts its chemotherapeutic potential by impeding β-catenin nuclear translocation thereby promoting its cytoplasmic degradation as a result stemness is being suppressed potentially even if in the enriched state.
References
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Human malaria parasites in continuous culture

TL;DR: Plasmodium falciparum can now be maintained in continuous culture in human erythrocytes incubated at 38 degrees C in RPMI 1640 medium with human serum under an atmosphere with 7 percent carbon dioxide and low oxygen.
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Synchronization of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stages in culture.

TL;DR: Synchronous development of the erythrocytic stages of a human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, in culture was accomplished by suspending cultured parasites in 5% D-sorbitol and subsequent reintroduction into culture.
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Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semiautomated microdilution technique.

TL;DR: A rapid, semiautomated microdilution method was developed for measuring the activity of potential antimalarial drugs against cultured intraerythrocytic asexual forms of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, and results demonstrated that the method is sensitive and precise.
Journal ArticleDOI

Neutral red uptake assay for the estimation of cell viability/cytotoxicity.

TL;DR: The neutral red uptake assay provides a quantitative estimation of the number of viable cells in a culture and is cheaper and more sensitive than other cytotoxicity tests (tetrazolium salts, enzyme leakage or protein content).
Journal ArticleDOI

Simple and Inexpensive Fluorescence-Based Technique for High-Throughput Antimalarial Drug Screening

TL;DR: A side-by-side comparison of this new fluorescence assay and a standard radioisotopic method suggest that it may be an ideal method for high-throughput antimalarial drug screening.
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