Journal ArticleDOI
Characterizing the uptake, accumulation and toxicity of silver sulfide nanoparticles in plants
Peng Wang,Peng Wang,Enzo Lombi,Shengkai Sun,Kirk G. Scheckel,Anzhela Malysheva,Anzhela Malysheva,Brigid A. McKenna,Neal W. Menzies,Fang-Jie Zhao,Peter M. Kopittke +10 more
TLDR
Observations, for the first time, provide direct evidence that plants take up Ag2S-NPs without a marked selectivity in regard to particle size and without substantial transformation during translocation from roots to shoots.Abstract:
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are used in a wide range of everyday products, leading to increasing concerns regarding their accumulation in soils and subsequent impact on plants. Using single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) and synchrotron-based techniques including X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM), we characterized the uptake, speciation, and translocation of insoluble Ag2S-NPs (an environmentally-relevant form of Ag-NPs in soils) within two plant species, a monocot and a dicot. Exposure to 10 mg Ag L−1 as Ag2S-NPs for one week resulted in a substantial increase in leaf Ag concentrations (3.8 to 5.8 μg Ag g−1 dry mass). Examination using XAS revealed that most of the Ag was present as Ag2S (>91%). Furthermore, analyses using spICP-MS confirmed that these Ag2S particles within the leaves had a markedly similar size distribution to those supplied within the hydroponic solution. These observations, for the first time, provide direct evidence that plants take up Ag2S-NPs without a marked selectivity in regard to particle size and without substantial transformation (dissolution or aggregation) during translocation from roots to shoots. Furthermore, after uptake, these Ag2S-NPs reduced growth, partially due to the solubilisation of Ag+in planta, which resulted in an upregulation of genes involved in the ethylene signalling pathway. Additionally, the upregulation of the plant defense system as a result of Ag2S-NPs exposure may have contributed to the decrease in plant growth. These results highlight the risks associated with Ag-NP accumulation in plants and subsequent trophic transfer via the food chain.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoparticles in the environment: where do we come from, where do we go to?
Mirco Bundschuh,Mirco Bundschuh,Juliane Filser,Simon Lüderwald,Moira S. McKee,George Metreveli,Gabriele E. Schaumann,Ralf Schulz,Stephan Wagner +8 more
TL;DR: Recent achievements in the field of nano-ecotoxicology in both aquatic and terrestrial systems are highlighted but also substantial gaps that require further attention in the future are referred to.
Journal ArticleDOI
Uptake, translocation, and transformation of metal-based nanoparticles in plants: recent advances and methodological challenges
TL;DR: In this paper, a review summarizes recent research progress on the uptake, translocation and transformation of metal-based nanoparticles in higher plants, and the key physiological barriers to plant uptake of ENPs are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of Silver Nanoparticles on Plants: A Focus on the Phytotoxicity and Underlying Mechanism
An Yan,Zhong Chen +1 more
TL;DR: The present review summarizes uptake, translocation, and accumulation of AgNPs in plants, and exemplifies the phytotoxicity of Ag NPs on plants at morphological, physiological, cellular, and molecular levels.
Environmental Transformations of Silver Nanoparticles: Impact on Stability and Toxicity
Clément Levard,Clément Levard,E. Matt Hotze,E. Matt Hotze,Gregory V. Lowry,Gregory V. Lowry,Gordon E. Brown,Gordon E. Brown,Gordon E. Brown +8 more
TL;DR: This review discusses the major transformation processes of Ag-NPs in various aqueous environments, particularly transformations of the metallic Ag cores caused by reactions with (in)organic ligands, and the effects of such transformations on physical and chemical stability and toxicity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental impacts of nanomaterials.
TL;DR: A critical evaluation of the current states of knowledge regarding the exposure and effects of nanomaterials on the environment and human health is discussed in this review.
References
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Bruce Ravel,Matthew Newville +1 more
TL;DR: A software package for the analysis of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data is presented, based on the IFEFFIT library of numerical and XAS algorithms and is written in the Perl programming language using the Perl/Tk graphics toolkit.
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Modeled Environmental Concentrations of Engineered Nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, Fullerenes) for Different Regions
TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that risks to aquatic organisms may currently emanate from nano- Ag, nano-TiO(2), and nano-ZnO in sewage treatment effluents for all considered regions and for nano-Ag in surface waters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental transformations of silver nanoparticles: impact on stability and toxicity.
Clément Levard,Clément Levard,E. Matt Hotze,E. Matt Hotze,Gregory V. Lowry,Gregory V. Lowry,Gordon E. Brown,Gordon E. Brown,Gordon E. Brown +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the major transformation processes of Ag-NPs in various aqueous environments, particularly transformations of the metallic Ag cores caused by reactions with (in)organic ligands, and the effects of such transformations on physical and chemical stability and toxicity are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
SIXpack: A Graphical user interface for XAS analysis using IFEFFIT
TL;DR: Sam's Interface for XAS analysis Package (SIXPack) as discussed by the authors is a graphical user interface that allows users simple manipulation and analysis of data, which is particularly useful for analysis of geochemical and environmental systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Root uptake and phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles.
Daohui Lin,Baoshan Xing +1 more
TL;DR: The phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles was not directly from their limited dissolution in the bulk nutrient solution or rhizosphere, implying that little (if any) Zn O nanoparticles could translocate up in the ryegrass in this study.