Chromatin Structure and the Inheritance of Epigenetic Information
Raphaël Margueron,Danny Reinberg +1 more
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TLDR
The multiple mechanisms that potentially affect the inheritance of epigenetic information in somatic cells are reviewed and the importance of positive-feedback loops, long-range gene interactions and the complex network of trans-acting factors in the transmission of chromatin states is discussed.Abstract:
Although it is widely accepted that the regulation of the chromatin landscape is pivotal to conveying the epigenetic program, it is still unclear how a defined chromatin domain is reproduced following DNA replication and transmitted from one cell generation to the next. Here, we review the multiple mechanisms that potentially affect the inheritance of epigenetic information in somatic cells. We consider models of how histones might be recycled following replication, and discuss the importance of positive-feedback loops, long-range gene interactions and the complex network of trans-acting factors in the transmission of chromatin states.read more
Citations
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The Polycomb complex PRC2 and its mark in life
Raphaël Margueron,Danny Reinberg +1 more
TL;DR: This work has uncovered a role for non-coding RNA in the recruitment of PRC2 to target genes, and expanded the perspectives on its function and regulation.
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Histone methylation: a dynamic mark in health, disease and inheritance
Eric L. Greer,Yang Shi +1 more
TL;DR: This work provides a broad overview of how histone methylation is regulated and leads to biological outcomes and suggests its links to disease and ageing and possibly to transmission of traits across generations are illustrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Proteomic Analyses Provide Novel Insights into Plant Growth and Ginsenoside Biosynthesis in Forest Cultivated Panax ginseng (F.Ginseng)
TL;DR: This study represents the first characterization of the proteome of F. Ginseng during development and provides new insights into the metabolism and accumulation of ginsenosides.
Journal ArticleDOI
Charting histone modifications and the functional organization of mammalian genomes
Vicky Weijie Zhou,Alon Goren,Alon Goren,Alon Goren,Bradley E. Bernstein,Bradley E. Bernstein,Bradley E. Bernstein +6 more
TL;DR: A selection of recent studies that have probed histone modifications and successive layers of chromatin structure in mammalian genomes, the patterns that have been identified and future directions for research are reviewed.
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Epigenetic plasticity and the hallmarks of cancer
TL;DR: It is proposed that chromatin and epigenetic aberrations have the potential to confer on cells the full range of oncogenic properties represented in the classic “hallmarks” depiction of cancer, and it is suggested that genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors can make chromatin aberrantly permissive or restrictive.
References
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Chromatin Modifications and Their Function
TL;DR: The surface of nucleosomes is studded with a multiplicity of modifications that can dictate the higher-order chromatin structure in which DNA is packaged and can orchestrate the ordered recruitment of enzyme complexes to manipulate DNA.
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Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
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Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality.
TL;DR: Results indicate that while a 3-fold reduction in levels of genomic m5C has no detectable effect on the viability or proliferation of ES cells in culture, a similar reduction of DNA methylation in embryos causes abnormal development and embryonic lethality.
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Methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 creates a binding site for HP1 proteins.
TL;DR: It is shown that mammalian methyltransferases that selectively methylate histone H3 on lysine 9 (Suv39h HMTases) generate a binding site for HP1 proteins—a family of heterochromatic adaptor molecules implicated in both gene silencing and supra-nucleosomal chromatin structure.
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Selective recognition of methylated lysine 9 on histone H3 by the HP1 chromo domain.
Andrew J. Bannister,Philip Zegerman,Janet F. Partridge,Eric A. Miska,Jean O. Thomas,Robin C. Allshire,Tony Kouzarides +6 more
TL;DR: A stepwise model for the formation of a transcriptionally silent heterochromatin is provided: SUV39H1 places a ‘methyl marker’ on histone H3, which is then recognized by HP1 through its chromo domain, which may also explain the stable inheritance of theheterochromatic state.