Comparison of DNA Sequencing of the Protein A Gene Polymorphic Region with Other Molecular Typing Techniques for Typing Two Epidemiologically Diverse Collections of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Duarte C. Oliveira,Duarte C. Oliveira,Inês Crisóstomo,Ilda Santos-Sanches,Peter Major,C. Rute Alves,Marta Aires-de-Sousa,Marianne Konkoly Thege,Hermínia de Lencastre,Hermínia de Lencastre +9 more
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TLDR
The results showed that the lineages most recently introduced in the hospital setting showed little variability in spaAtypes, whereas the MRSA clones circulating for a longer period of time and spread among several hospitals showed a higher degree of variability.Abstract:
The aim of this study was to compare the recently developed typing approach for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) based on the DNA sequencing of the protein A gene polymorphic region (spaA typing) with a combination of three well-established molecular typing techniques: ClaI-mecA vicinity polymorphisms, ClaI-Tn554 insertion patterns, and SmaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles. In order to evaluate the applicability of this typing technique in different types of studies, two groups of MRSA clinical isolates were analyzed: a collection of 185 MRSA isolates circulating in Hungary recovered from 17 hospitals in seven cities during a 3-year period (1994 through 1996), and a selection of 53 MRSA strains isolated in a single hospital in Hungary between 1997 and 1998. The 238 MRSA clinical strains from Hungary were first classified in clonal types (defined as ClaI-mecA::ClaI-Tn554::SmaI-PFGE patterns), and 65 of the 238 strains, representing major MRSA clones and some sporadic clones, were further analyzed by spaA typing. Our results showed that the lineages most recently introduced in the hospital setting showed little variability in spaA types, whereas the MRSA clones circulating for a longer period of time and spread among several hospitals showed a higher degree of variability. The implementation of the spaA typing method was straightforward, and the results obtained were reproducible, unambiguous, and easily interpreted. This method seems to be adequate for outbreak investigations but should be complemented with other techniques in long-term surveillance or in studies comparing distant clonal lineages.read more
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Multiplex PCR Strategy for Rapid Identification of Structural Types and Variants of the mec Element in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
TL;DR: The development, validation, and application of a multiplex PCR strategy that allows quick presumptive characterization of the mec element types based on the structural features that were shown to be typical of mec elements carried by several MRSA clones are reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolution of pandemic clones of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: identification of two ancestral genetic backgrounds and the associated mec elements.
TL;DR: Tentative identification of an evolutionary pathway for the emergence of pandemic MRSA clones is allowed and evidence for the multiple, yet restricted, numbers of acquisition of the mec element by S. aureus is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
The evolution of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: Similarity of genetic backgrounds in historically early methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates and contemporary epidemic clones
M. Inês Crisóstomo,Henrik Westh,Alexander Tomasz,Marilyn Chung,Duarte C. Oliveira,Hermínia de Lencastre +5 more
TL;DR: The genetic backgrounds and phenotypes of a group of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates compared to the properties of MRSA strains isolated in Denmark and the U.K. during the same time period were compared, suggesting that genetic determinants present in early MSSA and essential for some aspects of the epidemicity and/or virulence of these strains may have been retained by this highly successful contemporary MRSA lineage.
Journal ArticleDOI
An outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit.
Lisa Saiman,Alicia Cronquist,Fann Wu,Juyan Zhou,David Rubenstein,William Eisner,Barry N. Kreiswirth,Phyllis Della-Latta +7 more
TL;DR: The epidemiologic and molecular investigations that successfully contained an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were described and a possible route of MRSA transmission was elucidated by molecular typing.
Journal ArticleDOI
spa typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from domestic animals and veterinary staff in the UK and Ireland
Arshnee Moodley,Marc Stegger,Arzu F. Bagcigil,Keith E. Baptiste,Anette Loeffler,David H. Lloyd,Nicola J. Williams,Nola Leonard,Y. Abbott,Robert Skov,Luca Guardabassi +10 more
TL;DR: Irrespective of geographical origin, MRSA isolated from equine and small animal hospitals generally clustered into two distinct clonal complexes, CC8 and CC22, respectively.
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