Open AccessJournal Article
Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA), A Non-Toxic, Water-Soluble Treatment For Heavy Metal Toxicity
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TLDR
DMSA is a sulfhydryl-containing, water-soluble, non-toxic, orally-administered metal chelator which has been in use as an antidote to heavy metal toxicity since the 1950s and is established as the premier metal chelation compound, based on oral dosing, urinary excretion, and its safety characteristics compared to other chelating substances.Abstract:
Heavy metals are, unfortunately, present in the air, water, and food supply. Cases of severe acute lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium poisoning are rare; however, when they do occur an effective, non-toxic treatment is essential. In addition, chronic, low-level exposure to lead in the soil and in residues of lead-based paint; to mercury in the atmosphere, in dental amalgams and in seafood; and to cadmium and arsenic in the environment and in cigarette smoke is much more common than acute exposure. Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is a sulfhydryl-containing, water-soluble, non-toxic, orally-administered metal chelator which has been in use as an antidote to heavy metal toxicity since the 1950s. More recent clinical use and research substantiates this compound’s efficacy and safety, and establishes it as the premier metal chelation compound, based on oral dosing, urinary excretion, and its safety characteristics compared to other chelating substances. (Altern Med Rev 1998;3(3):199-207)read more
Citations
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Chelation in Metal Intoxication
Swaran J.S. Flora,Vidhu Pachauri +1 more
TL;DR: This review provides an update of the existing chelating agents and the various strategies available for the treatment of heavy metals and metalloid intoxications.
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Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Systems with Thiol Functionalized Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles
Wassana Yantasee,Cynthia L. Warner,Thanapon Sangvanich,R. Shane Addleman,Timothy G. Carter,Robert J. Wiacek,Glen E. Fryxell,Charles Timchalk,Marvin G. Warner +8 more
TL;DR: Superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with a surface functionalization of dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) are an effective sorbent material for toxic soft metals such as Hg, Ag, Pb, Cd, and Tl, which effectively bind to the DMSA ligands and for As, which binds to the iron oxide lattices.
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Mercury exposure in children: a review.
S. Allen Counter,Leo H. Buchanan +1 more
TL;DR: Considerable attention was given in this review to pediatric methylmercury exposure and neurodevelopment because it is the most thoroughly investigated Hg species.
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References
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Journal Article
Neurobehavioral aspects of lead neurotoxicity in children.
G. Winneke,U. Kramer +1 more
TL;DR: Meter analyses on both cross sectional and prospective studies in lead exposed children have concluded that a typical doubling of PbB from 100 to 200 micrograms/l is associated with an average loss of IQ of 1-3 points.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of chelate treatments on kidney, bone and brain lead levels of lead-intoxicated mice.
TL;DR: An examination of published data describing the effect of chelating agent treatment onbrain lead levels indicates that DMSA produces a reduction in brain lead levels under all conditions examined to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid in human arsenic poisoning.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mercury excretion and occupational exposure of dental personnel
TL;DR: The data indicate that urinary mercury excretion may be gender dependent and that the restorative status of the participants contribute to the daily mercury exposure, and that participants working in environments with wooden floors had significantly higher mean mercury values than other dental personnel.
Journal Article
Lead and the kidney: nephropathy, hypertension, and gout.
TL;DR: Treatment of chronic lead nephropathy with EDTA lead mobilization is useful if renal failure is modest; however, EDTA mobilization is of no benefit in patients with more severe renal insufficiency.
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