Discovery of a Supernova Explosion at Half the Age of the Universe and its Cosmological Implications
Saul Perlmutter,Greg Aldering,M. Della Valle,Susana E. Deustua,Richard S. Ellis,Sebastien Fabbro,A. S. Fruchter,G. Goldhaber,A. Goobar,D. E. Groom,I. M. Hook,A. G. Kim,M. Y. Kim,R. A. Knop,C. Lidman,R. G. McMahon,Peter Nugent,R. Pain,Nino Panagia,C. R. Pennypacker,P. Ruiz-Lapuente,B. E. Schaefer,Nicholas A. Walton +22 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, the authors reported the discovery of a Type Ia supernova (SN 1997ap) at z = 0.83 at the Keck II 10m telescope.Abstract:
The ultimate fate of the universe, infinite expansion or a big crunch, can be determined by measuring the redshifts, apparent brightnesses, and intrinsic luminosities of very distant supernovae. Recent developments have provided tools that make such a program practicable: (1) Studies of relatively nearby Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have shown that their intrinsic luminosities can be accurately determined; (2) New research techniques have made it possible to schedule the discovery and follow-up observations of distant supernovae, producing well over 50 very distant (z = 0.3 -- 0.7) SNe Ia to date. These distant supernovae provide a record of changes in the expansion rate over the past several billion years. By making precise measurements of supernovae at still greater distances, and thus extending this expansion history back far enough in time, we can distinguish the slowing caused by the gravitational attraction of the universe's mass density Omega_M from the effect of a possibly inflationary pressure caused by a cosmological constant Lambda. We report here the first such measurements, with our discovery of a Type Ia supernova (SN 1997ap) at z = 0.83. Measurements at the Keck II 10-m telescope make this the most distant spectroscopically confirmed supernova. Over two months of photometry of SN 1997ap with the Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based telescopes, when combined with previous measurements of nearer SNe Ia, suggests that we may live in a low mass-density universe. Further supernovae at comparable distances are currently scheduled for ground and space-based observations.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Generalized Chaplygin gas and cosmic microwave background radiation constraints
TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of the location of the cosmic microwave background radiation peaks on the parameters of the generalized Chaplygin gas model was studied, and it was shown that observational data arising from Archeops, BOOMERANG, supernova and high-redshift observations allow constraining significantly the parameter space of the model.
Journal ArticleDOI
WMAP constraints on the generalized Chaplygin gas model
TL;DR: The generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model as mentioned in this paper explains the recent accelerated expansion of the Universe via an exotic background fluid whose equation of state is given by p =− A / ρ α, where A is a positive constant and 0 α ⩽1.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cosmological implications from observations of type ia supernovae
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that distant type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) appear fainter than their local counterparts, and this implies a significant change in how we see the distant universe and what we understand of these stellar explosions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fate of bound systems in phantom and quintessence cosmologies
TL;DR: Weinberg et al. as mentioned in this paper studied the evolution of bound systems in universes with accelerating expansion where the acceleration either increases with time towards a Big Rip singularity (phantom cosmologies) or decreases with time (quintessence).
Journal ArticleDOI
ROSAT PSPC observations of 36 high‐luminosity clusters of galaxies: constraints on the gas fraction
Stefano Ettori,Andrew C. Fabian +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed and homogeneous analysis of the ROSAT PSPC surface brightness profiles of 36 clusters of galaxies with high X-ray luminosity (LX * 10 45 erg s ˇ1 ) and redshifts between 0.05 and 0.44 is presented.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Absolute Magnitudes of Type IA Supernovae
TL;DR: In this paper, absolute magnitudes in the B, V, and I bands were derived for nine well-observed Type Ia supernovae, using host galaxy distances estimated via the surface brightness fluctuations or Tully-Fisher methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Cosmological constant
TL;DR: In this article, the cosmological constant problem is examined in the context of both astronomy and physics with reference to expansion dynamics, the age of the universe, distance measures, comoving density of objects, growth of linear perturbations, and gravitational lens probabilities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurements* of the Cosmological Parameters Ω and Λ from the First Seven Supernovae at z ≥ 0.35
Saul Perlmutter,Saul Perlmutter,S. Gabi,S. Gabi,Gerson Goldhaber,Gerson Goldhaber,Ariel Goobar,Ariel Goobar,Ariel Goobar,D. E. Groom,D. E. Groom,I. M. Hook,A. G. Kim,A. G. Kim,Min Kook Kim,Julia C. Lee,R. Pain,R. Pain,Carlton R. Pennypacker,Carlton R. Pennypacker,I. A. Small,I. A. Small,Richard S. Ellis,Richard G. McMahon,B. J. Boyle,P. S. Bunclark,David Carter,Mike Irwin,Karl Glazebrook,H. J. M. Newberg,Alexei V. Filippenko,Thomas Matheson,Michael A. Dopita,Warrick J. Couch +33 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a light-curve width-corrected magnitudes as a function of redshift of distant (z = 0.35-0.46) supernovae to obtain a global measurement of the mass density.
Journal ArticleDOI
The photometric performance and calibration of wfpc2
Jon A. Holtzman,Christopher J. Burrows,Stefano Casertano,J. Jeff Hester,John T. Trauger,Alan M. Watson,Guy Worthey +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the photometric performance and calibration of the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) on the Hubble Space Telesopce (HST) were discussed, with particular attention given to charge transfer efficiency (CTE) effects, contamination effects in the ultraviolet (UV), and flat field accuracy and normalization.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Absolute Luminosities of the Calan/Tololo Type IA Supernovae
TL;DR: In this article, the absolute luminosities of 29 SNe Ia in the Calan/Tololo survey were examined and a relation between the peak luminosity of the SNe and the decline rate as measured by the light curve was found.
Related Papers (5)
Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
Adam G. Riess,Alexei V. Filippenko,Peter Challis,Alejandro Clocchiatti,Alan H. Diercks,Peter M. Garnavich,R. L. Gilliland,Craig J. Hogan,Saurabh Jha,Robert P. Kirshner,Bruno Leibundgut,Mark M. Phillips,David J Reiss,Brian P. Schmidt,R. A. Schommer,R. Chris Smith,R. Chris Smith,Jason Spyromilio,Christopher W. Stubbs,Nicholas B. Suntzeff,John L. Tonry +20 more
Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
Saul Perlmutter,Saul Perlmutter,Greg Aldering,Gerson Goldhaber,Gerson Goldhaber,R. A. Knop,Peter Nugent,P. G. Castro,P. G. Castro,Susana E. Deustua,Sebastien Fabbro,Sebastien Fabbro,A. Goobar,A. Goobar,Donald E. Groom,I. M. Hook,I. M. Hook,A. G. Kim,A. G. Kim,A. G. Kim,M. Y. Kim,Julia C. Lee,Julia C. Lee,Nelson J. Nunes,Nelson J. Nunes,Reynald Pain,Reynald Pain,C. R. Pennypacker,C. R. Pennypacker,Robert Quimby,Christopher Lidman,Richard S. Ellis,Mike Irwin,Richard G. McMahon,Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente,Nicholas A. Walton,Bradley E. Schaefer,B. J. Boyle,Alexei V. Filippenko,Thomas Matheson,A. S. Fruchter,Nino Panagia,Nino Panagia,Heidi Jo Newberg,Warrick J. Couch +44 more
Type Ia Supernova Discoveries at z>1 From the Hubble Space Telescope: Evidence for Past Deceleration and Constraints on Dark Energy Evolution
Adam G. Riess,Louis-Gregory Strolger,John L. Tonry,Stefano Casertano,Henry C. Ferguson,Bahram Mobasher,Peter Challis,Alexei V. Filippenko,Saurabh Jha,Weidong Li,Ryan Chornock,Robert P. Kirshner,Bruno Leibundgut,Mark Dickinson,Mario Livio,Mauro Giavalisco,Charles C. Steidel,Narciso Benítez,Zlatan Tsvetanov +18 more
First year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: Determination of cosmological parameters
David N. Spergel,Licia Verde,Hiranya V. Peiris,Eiichiro Komatsu,M. R. Nolta,Charles L. Bennett,Mark Halpern,Gary Hinshaw,N. Jarosik,Alan J. Kogut,Michele Limon,Michele Limon,S. S. Meyer,Lyman A. Page,Gregory S. Tucker,Gregory S. Tucker,Gregory S. Tucker,Janet L. Weiland,Edward J. Wollack,Edward L. Wright +19 more