Journal ArticleDOI
Ecosystem services and urban heat riskscape moderation: water, green spaces, and social inequality in Phoenix, USA
TLDR
The results suggest the need for a systems evaluation of the benefits, costs, spatial structure, and temporal trajectory for the use of ecosystem services to moderate climate extremes.Abstract:
Urban ecosystems are subjected to high temperatures—extreme heat events, chronically hot weather, or both—through interactions between local and global climate processes. Urban vegetation may provide a cooling ecosystem service, although many knowledge gaps exist in the biophysical and social dynamics of using this service to reduce climate extremes. To better understand patterns of urban vegetated cooling, the potential water requirements to supply these services, and differential access to these services between residential neighborhoods, we evaluated three decades (1970–2000) of land surface characteristics and residential segregation by income in the Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan region. We developed an ecosystem service trade-offs approach to assess the urban heat riskscape, defined as the spatial variation in risk exposure and potential human vulnerability to extreme heat. In this region, vegetation provided nearly a 25°C surface cooling compared to bare soil on low-humidity summer days; the ma...read more
Citations
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‘They know they’re not coming back’: resilience through displacement in the riskscape of Southwest Washington, DC
Jesse DiValli,Tracy Perkins +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of current development plans and resident perceptions in a neighbourhood in Southwest Washington, DC, by integrating insights on social inequality from the study of urban development, social capital and riskscapes is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Urban soil management in the strategies for adaptation to climate change of cities in the Tropical Andes
Santiago Bonilla-Bedoya,Miguel Angel Herrera,Angélica Vaca,Laura Salazar,Rasa Zalakeviciute,Danilo Mejia,M. López-Ulloa +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed to include urban land management as a criterion and timely strategy for climate change adaptation in the cities of the Tropical Andes, and estimated the distribution of the soil organic carbon stock (OCS) of the city of Quito.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing diel urban climate dynamics using a land surface temperature harmonization model
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined how climate gradients and land cover types affect land surface temperature (LST) variation in coastal and inland regions of the United States, respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spatiotemporal variation of forest cover and its relation to air quality in urban Andean socio-ecological systems
Santiago Bonilla-Bedoya,Rasa Zalakeviciute,Danilo Mejía Coronel,Juan Durango-Cordero,Juan Ramón Molina,Jose Eduardo Macedo-Pezzopane,Miguel Ángel Herrera +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined the relationship between the spatial variability of some atmospheric pollutants and changes in land cover in a Andean mountain cities of Latin American and quantified the changes and transitions of land cover using SPOT optical images and generating an object-based classification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change, ecosystem services, and costs of action and inaction: scoping the interface
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of climate variability and change in ecosystem service provision have been assessed from the point of view of the effects on ecosystem services and related costs, based on representative studies, following the organizing scheme of the ecosystem services approach.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy
TL;DR: Multilevel analyses showed that a measure of collective efficacy yields a high between-neighborhood reliability and is negatively associated with variations in violence, when individual-level characteristics, measurement error, and prior violence are controlled.
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Toward a metabolic theory of ecology
James H. Brown,James H. Brown,James F. Gillooly,Andrew P. Allen,Van M. Savage,Van M. Savage,Geoffrey B. West,Geoffrey B. West +7 more
TL;DR: This work has developed a quantitative theory for how metabolic rate varies with body size and temperature, and predicts how metabolic theory predicts how this rate controls ecological processes at all levels of organization from individuals to the biosphere.
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A soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI)
TL;DR: In this article, a transformation technique was presented to minimize soil brightness influences from spectral vegetation indices involving red and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, which nearly eliminated soil-induced variations in vegetation indices.
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Impact of regional climate change on human health
TL;DR: The growing evidence that climate–health relationships pose increasing health risks under future projections of climate change is reviewed and that the warming trend over recent decades has already contributed to increased morbidity and mortality in many regions of the world.
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Using the satellite-derived NDVI to assess ecological responses to environmental change
Nathalie Pettorelli,Jon Olav Vik,Atle Mysterud,Jean-Michel Gaillard,Compton J. Tucker,Nils Chr. Stenseth +5 more
TL;DR: The use of the NDVI in recent ecological studies is reviewed and its possible key role in future research of environmental change in an ecosystem context is outlined.