Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Gastrointestinal, Sensory and Core Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Elisa Santocchi,Letizia Guiducci,Margherita Prosperi,Sara Calderoni,Melania Gaggini,Fabio Apicella,Raffaella Tancredi,Lucia Billeci,Paola Mastromarino,Enzo Grossi,Amalia Gastaldelli,Maria Aurora Morales,Filippo Muratori +12 more
TLDR
Results suggest potentially positive effects of probiotics on core autism symptoms in a subset of ASD children independent of the specific intermediation of the probiotic effect on GI symptoms.Abstract:
The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been recently recognized as a key modulator of neuropsychiatric health. In this framework, probiotics (recently named "psychobiotics") may modulate brain activity and function, possibly improving the behavioral profiles of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We evaluated the effects of probiotics on autism in a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 85 preschoolers with ASD (mean age, 4.2 years; 84% boys). Participants were randomly assigned to probiotics (De Simone Formulation) (n=42) or placebo (n=43) for six months. Sixty-three (74%) children completed the trial. No differences between groups were detected on the primary outcome measure, the Total Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - Calibrated Severity Score (ADOS-CSS). An exploratory secondary analysis on subgroups of children with or without Gastrointestinal Symptoms (GI group, n= 30; NGI group, n=55) revealed in the NGI group treated with probiotics a significant decline in ADOS scores as compared to that in the placebo group, with a mean reduction of 0.81 in Total ADOS CSS and of 1.14 in Social-Affect ADOS CSS over six months. In the GI group treated with probiotics we found greater improvements in some GI symptoms, adaptive functioning, and sensory profiles than in the GI group treated with placebo. These results suggest potentially positive effects of probiotics on core autism symptoms in a subset of ASD children independent of the specific intermediation of the probiotic effect on GI symptoms. Further studies are warranted to replicate and extend these promising findings on a wider population with subsets of ASD patients which share targets of intervention on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02708901.read more
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The role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders.
Katarzyna Socała,Urszula Doboszewska,Aleksandra Szopa,Anna Serefko,Marcin Włodarczyk,Anna Zielińska,Ewa Poleszak,Jakub Fichna,Piotr Wlaź +8 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes recent data on the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, migraine, and epilepsy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of behavioral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review.
Qiming Tan,Camila E. Orsso,Edward C. Deehan,Janice Y. Kung,Hein M. Tun,Eytan Wine,Karen Madsen,Lonnie Zwaigenbaum,Andrea M. Haqq +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview and critically evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic and fecal microbiota transplantation therapies for core and co-occurring behavioral symptoms in individuals with ASD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gastrointestinal involvement of autism spectrum disorder: focus on gut microbiota.
Carlo Romano Settanni,S. Bibbò,Gianluca Ianiro,Emanuele Rinninella,Marco Cintoni,Maria Cristina Mele,Giovanni Cammarota,Giovanni Cammarota,Antonio Gasbarrini,Antonio Gasbarrini +9 more
TL;DR: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder typical of early age, characterized by impaired communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors as mentioned in this paper, and it is typically associated with impaired communication and social interaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and neonatal gut bacterial colonization are associated with cognitive development and gut microbiota composition in pre-school-age offspring
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explored the associations between gut microbiota and cognitive development during infancy, and their link with maternal obesity, using 16S rRNA marker gene sequencing of first-pass meconium samples and of faecal samples collected at age 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 months, and its relationship with maternal gestational obesity or diabetes, and with cognitive development.
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