Effects of surgical and dietary weight loss therapy for obesity on gut microbiota composition and nutrient absorption.
Antje Damms-Machado,Suparna Mitra,A.E. Schollenberger,Klaus Michael Kramer,T Meile,Alfred Königsrainer,Daniel H. Huson,Stephan C. Bischoff +7 more
TLDR
LSG, but not dietetic restriction, improved the obesity-associated gut microbiota composition towards a lean microbiome phenotype, and LSG increased malabsorption due to loss in energy-rich faecal substrates and impairment of bile acid circulation.Abstract:
Evidence suggests a correlation between the gut microbiota composition and weight loss caused by caloric restriction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), a surgical intervention for obesity, is classified as predominantly restrictive procedure. In this study we investigated functional weight loss mechanisms with regard to gut microbial changes and energy harvest induced by LSG and a very low calorie diet in ten obese subjects (n = 5 per group) demonstrating identical weight loss during a follow-up period of six months. For gut microbiome analysis next generation sequencing was performed and faeces were analyzed for targeted metabolomics. The energy-reabsorbing potential of the gut microbiota decreased following LSG, indicated by the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, but increased during diet. Changes in butyrate-producing bacterial species were responsible for the Firmicutes changes in both groups. No alteration of faecal butyrate was observed, but the microbial capacity for butyrate fermentation decreased following LSG and increased following dietetic intervention. LSG resulted in enhanced faecal excretion of nonesterified fatty acids and bile acids. LSG, but not dietetic restriction, improved the obesity-associated gut microbiota composition towards a lean microbiome phenotype. Moreover, LSG increased malabsorption due to loss in energy-rich faecal substrates and impairment of bile acid circulation. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01344525.read more
Citations
More filters
Bariatric Surgery and Long-term Cardiovascular Events
Lars Sjöström,Markku Peltonen,Peter Jacobson,C. David Sjöström,Kristjan Karason,Hans Wedel,Sofie Ahlin,Åsa Anveden,Calle Bengtsson,Gerd Bergmark,Claude Bouchard,Björn Carlsson,Sven Dahlgren,Jan Karlsson,Anna Karin Lindroos,Hans Lönroth,Kristina Narbro,Ingmar Näslund,Torsten Olbers,Per-Arne Svensson,Lena M. S. Carlsson +20 more
TL;DR: Compared with usual care, bariatric surgery was associated with reduced number of cardiovascular deaths and lower incidence of cardiovascular events in obese adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Brain-Gut-Microbiome Axis.
TL;DR: A systems biological model is proposed that posits circular communication loops amid the brain, gut, and gut microbiome, and in which perturbation at any level can propagate dysregulation throughout the circuit.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adipose Tissue Distribution, Inflammation and Its Metabolic Consequences, Including Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease.
Alan Chait,Laura J. den Hartigh +1 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms by which dysfunctional adipose tissue simultaneously promote T2DM and CVD, focusing on adipose tissues depot-specific adipokines, inflammatory profiles, and metabolism, will be the focus of this review.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Gut Microbiome Profile in Obesity: A Systematic Review
Olga Castañer,Albert Goday,Yong-Moon Park,Seung-Hwan Lee,Faidon Magkos,Sue-Anne Toh Ee Shiow,Sue-Anne Toh Ee Shiow,Helmut Schröder +7 more
TL;DR: An overview of the current evidence on the association between intestinal microbiota and obesity is provided and the effects of an extreme weight loss intervention such as bariatric surgery on gut microbiota are analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The human gut microbiota: Metabolism and perspective in obesity.
TL;DR: In obese people, this dysbiosis seems be related to increases of the phylum Firmicutes, the genus Clostridium, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Clastridium coccoides, Lactobacillus reuteri, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridgeium histolyticum and Staphylococcus aureus.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
TL;DR: A new approach to rapid sequence comparison, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), directly approximates alignments that optimize a measure of local similarity, the maximal segment pair (MSP) score.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial ecology: Human gut microbes associated with obesity
TL;DR: It is shown that the relative proportion of Bacteroidetes is decreased in obese people by comparison with lean people, and that this proportion increases with weight loss on two types of low-calorie diet.
Journal ArticleDOI
The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments
Boyd Swinburn,Gary Sacks,Kevin D. Hall,Klim McPherson,Diane T. Finegood,Marjory Moodie,Steven L. Gortmaker +6 more
TL;DR: Unlike other major causes of preventable death and disability, such as tobacco use, injuries, and infectious diseases, there are no exemplar populations in which the obesity epidemic has been reversed by public health measures, which increases the urgency for evidence-creating policy action, with a priority on reduction of the supply-side drivers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism
TL;DR: Through increased knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the interactions between the microbiota and its host, the world will be in a better position to develop treatments for metabolic disease.
Book ChapterDOI
Obesity and Overweight
TL;DR: Overweight or obesity in adolescents has reache epidemic proportions in the USA and other industr alized countries and these conditions, although lumped together in research and in commentarie reflect adolescents’ being toward the heavier point a continuum that would range from underweight morbidly obese.