Efficiently Cooled Stellar Wind Bubbles in Turbulent Clouds. I. Fractal Theory and Application to Star-forming Clouds
TLDR
In this article, the authors developed a theory for the evolution of bubbles driven by the collective winds from star clusters early in their lifetimes, which involves interaction with the turbulent, dense interstellar medium of the surrounding natal molecular cloud.Abstract:
Winds from massive stars have velocities of 1000 km/s or more, and produce hot, high pressure gas when they shock. We develop a theory for the evolution of bubbles driven by the collective winds from star clusters early in their lifetimes, which involves interaction with the turbulent, dense interstellar medium of the surrounding natal molecular cloud. A key feature is the fractal nature of the hot bubble's surface. The large area of this interface with surrounding denser gas strongly enhances energy losses from the hot interior, enabled by turbulent mixing and subsequent cooling at temperatures T = 10^4-10^5 K where radiation is maximally efficient. Due to the extreme cooling, the bubble radius scales differently (R ~ t^1/2) from the classical Weaver77 solution, and has expansion velocity and momentum lower by factors of 10-10^2 at given R, with pressure lower by factors of 10^2 - 10^3. Our theory explains the weak X-ray emission and low shell expansion velocities of observed sources. We discuss further implications of our theory for observations of the hot bubbles and cooled expanding shells created by stellar winds, and for predictions of feedback-regulated star formation in a range of environments. In a companion paper, we validate our theory with a suite of hydrodynamic simulations.read more
Citations
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Stellar winds and metal enrichment from fast-rotating Population III stars
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore a large parameter space of Pop III star formation and feedback with a semi-analytical model and derive the resulting chemical signatures in the enriched medium.
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Star Formation Regulation and Self-pollution by Stellar Wind Feedback
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors simulate star formation with wind feedback in turbulent, self-gravitating clouds, and show that star formation and residual gas dispersal is complete within 2 - 8 initial cloud free-fall times.
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Stellar winds and photoionization in a spiral arm
TL;DR: In this paper , the role of different stellar feedback mechanisms in giant molecular clouds is not well understood, especially for regions with many interacting clouds as would be found in a galactic spiral arm.
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PHANGS–JWST First Results: A Statistical View on Bubble Evolution in NGC 628
Elizabeth J. Watkins,Ashley T. Barnes,Kiana Henny,Hwihyun Kim,Kathryn Kreckel,Sharon E. Meidt,Ralf S. Klessen,Simon C. O. Glover,Thomas N. Williams,Ben W. Keller,Adam K. Leroy,Erik Rosolowsky,Janice C. Lee,Gagandeep S. Anand,Francesco Belfiore,Frank Bigiel,Guillermo A. Blanc,Médéric Boquien,Yi Cao,Rupali Chandar,Ness Mayker Chen,Mélanie Chevance,Enrico Congiu,Daniel A. Dale,S. Deger,Oleg V. Egorov,Eric Emsellem,Christopher Faesi,Kathryn Grasha,Brent Groves,Hamid Hassani,Jonathan D. Henshaw,Cinthya N. Herrera,Annie Hughes,Sarah M R Jeffreson,María J. Jiménez-Donaire,Eric W. Koch,J. M. Diederik Kruijssen,Kirsten L. Larson,Daizhong Liu,Laura A. Lopez,Ismael Pessa,Jérôme Pety,Miguel Querejeta,Toshiki Saito,Karin Sandstrom,F. Scheuermann,Eva Schinnerer,Mattia C. Sormani,Sophia Stuber,David A. Thilker,Antonio Usero,Bradley C. Whitmore +52 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the first catalog of bubbles in NGC 628, visually identified using mid-infrared Instrument F770W Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS)-JWST observations, and use them to statistically evaluate bubble characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
FIRE-3: Updated stellar evolution models, yields, & microphysics and fitting functions for applications in galaxy simulations
Philip F. Hopkins,Andrew Wetzel,Coral Wheeler,Robyn E. Sanderson,Michael Y. Grudić,Omid Sameie,Michael Boylan-Kolchin,Matthew E. Orr,Xiangcheng Ma,Claude André Faucher-Giguère,Dušan Kereš,Eliot Quataert,Kung-Yi Su,Jorge Moreno,Robert Feldmann,James S. Bullock,Sarah Loebman,Daniel Anglés-Alcázar,Jonathan Stern,Lina Necib,Caleb Choban,Christopher C. Hayward +21 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present the full set of updates from the FIRE-2 version of the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) project code, to the next version, FIRE-3.
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