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EM-based optimization of microwave circuits using artificial neural networks: the state-of-the-art

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Abstract
This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art in electromagnetic (EM)-based design and optimization of microwave circuits using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Measurement-based design of microwave circuits using ANNs is also reviewed. The conventional microwave neural optimization approach is surveyed, along with typical enhancing techniques, such as segmentation, decomposition, hierarchy, design of experiments, and clusterization. Innovative strategies for ANN-based design exploiting microwave knowledge are reviewed, including neural space-mapping methods. The problem of developing synthesis neural networks is treated. EM-based statistical analysis and yield optimization using neural networks is reviewed. The key issues in transient EM-based design using neural networks are summarized. The use of ANNs to speed up "global modeling" for EM-based design of monolithic microwave integrated circuits is briefly described. Future directions in ANN techniques to microwave design are suggested.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Smart Modeling of Microwave Devices

TL;DR: This work has described neural networks for microwave modeling and design and demonstrated that neural networks are helpful in developing parametric or scalable models for passive and active microwave devices.
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Deep neural networks for the evaluation and design of photonic devices

TL;DR: This Review discusses how deep neural networks can serve as surrogate electromagnetic solvers, inverse modelling tools and global device optimizers, and how deep generative networks can learn geometric features in device distributions and even be configured to serve as robust global optimizers.
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Parametric Modeling of EM Behavior of Microwave Components Using Combined Neural Networks and Pole-Residue-Based Transfer Functions

TL;DR: An advanced technique to develop combined neural network and pole-residue-based transfer function models for parametric modeling of electromagnetic (EM) behavior of microwave components and can obtain better accuracy in challenging applications involving high dimension of geometric parameter space and large geometrical variations, compared with conventional modeling methods.
Journal ArticleDOI

Multivalued Neural Network Inverse Modeling and Applications to Microwave Filters

TL;DR: A multivalued neural network inverse modeling technique to associate a single set of electrical parameters with multiple sets of geometrical or physical parameters and can solve the nonuniqueness problem in a simpler and more automated way compared with the existing ANN inverse modeling techniques.
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Deep Neural Network Technique for High-Dimensional Microwave Modeling and Applications to Parameter Extraction of Microwave Filters

TL;DR: The proposed deep neural network technique can solve microwave modeling problems in a higher dimension than the previous neuralnetwork method, i.e., shallow neural network method.
References
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Book

Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation

Simon Haykin
TL;DR: Thorough, well-organized, and completely up to date, this book examines all the important aspects of this emerging technology, including the learning process, back-propagation learning, radial-basis function networks, self-organizing systems, modular networks, temporal processing and neurodynamics, and VLSI implementation of neural networks.
Journal ArticleDOI

Backpropagation through time: what it does and how to do it

TL;DR: This paper first reviews basic backpropagation, a simple method which is now being widely used in areas like pattern recognition and fault diagnosis, and describes further extensions of this method, to deal with systems other than neural networks, systems involving simultaneous equations or true recurrent networks, and other practical issues which arise with this method.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Class of Methods for Solving Nonlinear Simultaneous Equations

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss certain modifications to Newton's method designed to reduce the number of function evaluations required during the iterative solution process of an iterative problem solving problem, such that the most efficient process will be that which requires the smallest number of functions evaluations.
Journal ArticleDOI

Optimal Global Rates of Convergence for Nonparametric Regression

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the optimal rate of convergence for an estimator of an unknown regression function (i.e., a regression function of order 2p + d) with respect to a training sample of size n = (p - m)/(2p + 2p+d) is O(n−1/n−r) under appropriate regularity conditions, where n−1 is the optimal convergence rate if q < q < \infty.
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