Journal ArticleDOI
Engaging in cultural activities compensates for educational differences in cognitive abilities
TLDR
Findings suggest that the risk of cognitive decline in people with less education can be reduced via engagement in intellectual and cultural activities throughout adulthood.Abstract:
The goal of the current project was to examine whether engagement in intellectual/cultural activities explains the long-term effects of education on cognitive abilities throughout adulthood, and whether it compensates for educational differences in cognitive abilities throughout adulthood. Participants between 18 and 96 years of age completed a comprehensive questionnaire about intellectual/cultural activities that they participated in and performed a wide variety of cognitive tests. There were no mediation effects of engagement in intellectual/cultural activities on the relationship between education and cognitive functioning. In contrast, engagement in intellectual/cultural activities was found to moderate the relations between education and the level of fluid ability, working memory, speed of processing, and episodic memory. Findings suggest that the risk of cognitive decline in people with less education can be reduced via engagement in intellectual and cultural activities throughout adulthood.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Education and Intellectual Activity on Cognition
Jeanine M. Parisi,George W. Rebok,Qian Li Xue,Linda P. Fried,Teresa E. Seeman,Elizabeth K. Tanner,Tara L. Gruenewald,Kevin D. Frick,Michelle C. Carlson +8 more
TL;DR: Findings suggest that education-cognition relations are partially explained by frequent participation in intellectual activities, and the association between education and cognition was not completely eliminated, suggesting that other factors may drive these associations.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Association of Leisure Activities in Middle Adulthood with Cognitive Performance in Old Age: The Moderating Role of Educational Level
TL;DR: Investigating the interactions of educational level and health status with a broad variety of past and current leisure activities in their association with cognitive functioning in a large sample of older adults with a wide age range suggests that an active lifestyle during middle adulthood may be related to better cognitive performance in old age.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relationship between education, leisure activities, and cognitive functions in older adults.
TL;DR: It is suggested that professionals examining older adults’ cognitive function should pay closer attention to educational level, as well as life styles (i.e. leisure activities), to provide appropriate interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitively Stimulating Leisure Activity and Subsequent Cognitive Function: A SHARE-based Analysis
TL;DR: CSLAs constitute a potential source for the delay or reduction of cognitive decline, regardless of one's age, and practitioners should recognize the value of this medium and encourage its greater use in appropriate settings.
Journal ArticleDOI
The relation of the number of languages spoken to performance in different cognitive abilities in old age.
TL;DR: Present data suggest that speaking different languages on a regular basis may additionally contribute to the build-up of cognitive reserve in old age, yet this may not be universal, but linked to verbal abilities and basic cognitive processing speed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Addressing Moderated Mediation Hypotheses: Theory, Methods, and Prescriptions.
TL;DR: This article disentangle conflicting definitions of moderated mediation and describes approaches for estimating and testing a variety of hypotheses involving conditional indirect effects, showing that the indirect effect of intrinsic student interest on mathematics performance through teacher perceptions of talent is moderated by student math self-concept.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical Mediation Analysis in the New Millennium
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on communication processes and understand how messages have an effect on some outcome of focus in a focus-based focus-oriented focus-set problem, which is the goal of most communication researchers.