Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluating Ecological Restoration Success: A Review of the Literature
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TLDR
This article conducted a literature review to determine trends in evaluations of restoration projects and identify key knowledge gaps that need to be addressed, and quantified the extent that key attributes of success, including ecological (vegetation structure, species diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning) and socioeconomic, were addressed by these papers along with trends in publication and restoration characteristics.Abstract:
Assessing the success of ecological restoration projects is critical to justify the use of restoration in natural resource management and to improve best practice. Although there are extensive discussions surrounding the characteristics that define and measure successful restoration, monitoring or evaluation of projects in practice is widely thought to have lagged behind. We conducted a literature review to determine trends in evaluations of restoration projects and identify key knowledge gaps that need to be addressed. We searched the Web of Knowledge plus two additional restoration journals not found in the database for empirical papers that assessed restoration projects post-implementation. We quantified the extent that key attributes of success, including ecological (vegetation structure, species diversity and abundance, and ecosystem functioning) and socioeconomic, were addressed by these papers along with trends in publication and restoration characteristics. Encouragingly, we found the number of empirical evaluations has grown substantially in recent years. The increased age of restoration projects and number of papers that assessed ecological functions since previous reviews of the literature is also a positive development. Research is still heavily skewed toward United States and Australia, however, and identifying an appropriate reference site needs further investigation. Of particular concern is the dearth of papers identified in the literature search that included any measure of socioeconomic attributes. Focusing future empirical research on quantifying ecosystem services and other socioeconomic outcomes is essential for understanding the full benefits and costs of ecological restoration and to support its use in natural resource management.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A framework for the practical science necessary to restore sustainable, resilient, and biodiverse ecosystems
Ben P. Miller,Ben P. Miller,Elizabeth A. Sinclair,Elizabeth A. Sinclair,Myles H. M. Menz,Myles H. M. Menz,Myles H. M. Menz,Carole P. Elliott,Carole P. Elliott,Eric Bunn,Eric Bunn,Lucy Commander,Lucy Commander,Emma L. Dalziell,Emma L. Dalziell,Erica David,Erica David,Belinda J. Davis,Belinda J. Davis,Todd E. Erickson,Todd E. Erickson,Peter J. Golos,Peter J. Golos,Siegfried L. Krauss,Siegfried L. Krauss,Wolfgang Lewandrowski,Wolfgang Lewandrowski,C. Ellery Mayence,C. Ellery Mayence,Luis Merino-Martín,Luis Merino-Martín,Luis Merino-Martín,David J. Merritt,David J. Merritt,Paul G. Nevill,Paul G. Nevill,Paul G. Nevill,Ryan D. Phillips,Ryan D. Phillips,Ryan D. Phillips,Alison L. Ritchie,Alison L. Ritchie,Sacha Ruoss,Sacha Ruoss,Jason Stevens,Jason Stevens +45 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive framework of the research required to bridge the gap between the immediate needs of restoration practitioners and the outputs of restoration science often limits the effectiveness of restoration programs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cost-effective ecological restoration.
Sarah Kimball,Megan E. Lulow,Quinn M. Sorenson,Kathleen R. Balazs,Yi-Chin Fang,Steven J. Davis,Michael O'Connell,Travis E. Huxman +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a cost-effectiveness analysis of terrestrial restoration methods to determine how practitioners may restore the highest native plant cover per dollar spent, given fixed mitigation budgets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Restorative and regenerative: Exploring the concepts in the circular economy
TL;DR: The most recognized definition of the circular economy is that it is a restorative and regenerative economy as discussed by the authors. But despite the wide use and importance attributed to the concepts of "restoration" and "regeneration", they are rarely defined or explained in the conventional circular economy literature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Time, space, place, and the Bonn Challenge global forest restoration target
Michael Verdone,Andrew Seidl +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a methodology for valuing the net benefits of large-scale ecosystem restoration initiatives by estimating the net benefit of achieving the Bonn Challenge and show that restoration can create benefits that exceed its costs and that the value of these benefits might differ depending on the discount rate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges and Prospects for Scaling-up Ecological Restoration to Meet International Commitments: Colombia as a Case Study
Carolina Murcia,Carolina Murcia,Manuel R. Guariguata,Angela Andrade,Germán I. Andrade,Germán I. Andrade,James Aronson,James Aronson,Elsa Matilde Escobar,Andrés Etter,Flavio Moreno,Wilson Ramírez,Elena Montes +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the case of Colombia by assessing the planning, governance, and monitoring practices of 119 ecological restoration (ER) projects, and discuss them in the context of scaling up efforts to meet international commitments.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity
Bradley J. Cardinale,J. Emmett Duffy,Andrew Gonzalez,David U. Hooper,Charles Perrings,Patrick Venail,Anita Narwani,Georgina M. Mace,David Tilman,David A. Wardle,Ann P. Kinzig,Gretchen C. Daily,Michel Loreau,James B. Grace,Anne Larigauderie,Diane S. Srivastava,Shahid Naeem +16 more
TL;DR: It is argued that human actions are dismantling the Earth’s ecosystems, eliminating genes, species and biological traits at an alarming rate, and the question of how such loss of biological diversity will alter the functioning of ecosystems and their ability to provide society with the goods and services needed to prosper is asked.
Journal ArticleDOI
Indicators for Monitoring Biodiversity: A Hierarchical Approach
TL;DR: The three primay attributes of biodiversity recognized by Jerry Franklin are expanded into a nested hierarcby that incorporates ele- ments of each attribute at four levels of organization: re- gional landscape, community-ecosystem, population- species, andgenetic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services by ecological restoration: a meta-analysis.
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of 89 restoration assessments in a wide range of ecosystem types across the globe indicates that ecological restoration increased provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services by 44 and 25%, respectively, however, values of both remained lower in restored versus intact reference ecosystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards a Conceptual Framework for Restoration Ecology
Richard J. Hobbs,David A. Norton +1 more
TL;DR: This work stresses the importance of developing restoration methodologies that are applicable at the landscape scale, beyond nonquantitative generalities about size and connectivity, so that urgent large-scale restoration can be planned and implemented effectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ecological Theory and Community Restoration Ecology
TL;DR: Practical restoration efforts should rely heavily on what is known from theoretical and empirical research on how communities develop and are structured over time, and are identified specific areas that are in critical need of further research to advance the science of restoration ecology.