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Frontal theta as a mechanism for cognitive control

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TLDR
Evidence is provided that theta band activities over the midfrontal cortex appear to reflect a common computation used for realizing the need for cognitive control, and frontal theta is a compelling candidate mechanism by which emergent processes, such as 'cognitive control', may be biophysically realized.
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This article is published in Trends in Cognitive Sciences.The article was published on 2014-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1589 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Cognitive neuroscience & Cognition.

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Toward a Rational and Mechanistic Account of Mental Effort.

TL;DR: This review explores recent advances in computational modeling and empirical research aimed at addressing questions at the level of psychological process and neural mechanism, examining both the limitations to mental effort exertion and how the authors manage those limited cognitive resources.
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Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and the value of control

TL;DR: A recent integrative theory proposes that dACC serves to specify the currently optimal allocation of control by determining the overall expected value of control (EVC), thereby licensing the associated cognitive effort.
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The frontoparietal network: function, electrophysiology, and importance of individual precision mapping.

TL;DR: Support is outlined for the framing of the frontoparietal network as a distinct control network, in part functioning to flexibly interact with and alter other functional brain networks, both during resting state and task state.
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EEG-Neurofeedback as a Tool to Modulate Cognition and Behavior: A Review Tutorial

TL;DR: A review tutorial discussing key aspects relevant to the development of electroencephalography (EEG) neurofeedback studies, based on a protocol and results of a frontal-midline theta up-regulation training for the improvement of executive functions.
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The roles of cortical oscillations in sustained attention

TL;DR: This work proposes an oscillatory model of sustained attention that relies on frontomedial theta oscillations, inter-areal communication via low-frequency phase synchronisation, and selective excitation and inhibition of cognitive processing through gamma and alpha oscillations to protect task performance against fatigue and distraction.
References
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Book

Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction

TL;DR: This book provides a clear and simple account of the key ideas and algorithms of reinforcement learning, which ranges from the history of the field's intellectual foundations to the most recent developments and applications.
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Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities

TL;DR: A model of a system having a large number of simple equivalent components, based on aspects of neurobiology but readily adapted to integrated circuits, produces a content-addressable memory which correctly yields an entire memory from any subpart of sufficient size.
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Conflict monitoring and cognitive control.

TL;DR: Two computational modeling studies are reported, serving to articulate the conflict monitoring hypothesis and examine its implications, including a feedback loop connecting conflict monitoring to cognitive control, and a number of important behavioral phenomena.
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Neuronal Oscillations in Cortical Networks

TL;DR: Recent findings indicate that network oscillations bias input selection, temporally link neurons into assemblies, and facilitate synaptic plasticity, mechanisms that cooperatively support temporal representation and long-term consolidation of information.
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