Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic relationships and hybrid vigour in olive (Olea europaea L.) by microsatellites
Iris Biton,Sofia Shevtsov,Oren Ostersetzer,Yair Mani,Shimon Lavee,Benjamin Avidan,Giora Ben-Ari +6 more
TLDR
Assessment of biodiversity of commercial olive cultivars with the application of this information in olive breeding programmes for selection of specific parents to generate superior new cultivars is linked.Abstract:
The olive (Olea europaea) is one of the most important oleaginous crops of the Mediterranean basin. Increased demand for olive oil creates a need for new olive varieties to help meet the requirements of the global market. However, olive breeding has been handicapped by such varied challenges as a prolonged juvenile period, agrotechnical problems and insufficient genetic knowledge. The use of DNA markers has the potential to overcome these problems and increase the effectiveness of classical breeding programmes. In this study, co-dominant polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were used as markers to analyse the genetic relationships between several local and other ‘non-native’ olive cultivars. Cluster analysis revealed four major groups among the 15 cultivars examined in this study. Table and oil cultivars were clustered in different groups. However, the clusters did not differentiate between cultivars of different geographical origins. In addition, we used the data gathered to analyse genetic relationships to evaluate the effects of heterosis in agricultural traits. Genetic distances between cultivars were determined based on the SSR genotype data and were used for evaluating the possible effects of heterosis in various F1 populations. Interestingly, phenotypic data of F1 progenies from crosses between different cultivars indicated the potential effects of heterosis as expressed in several traits. Genetic distance between parents was significantly correlated to F1 performance for three traits: percentage of dry fruit weight, oil content and commercial oil production. Thus, crosses between olive cultivars exhibiting relatively extensive genetic distances one from the other are expected to result in better progeny performance in future Olea breeding programmes. Our study linked assessment of biodiversity of commercial olive cultivars with the application of this information in olive breeding programmes for selection of specific parents to generate superior new cultivars.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the origins and domestication of the olive: a review and perspectives.
TL;DR: The olive is a relevant model for improving knowledge of domestication processes in clonally propagated perennial crops, particularly those of the Mediterranean Basin, and is argued that more detailed ecological genomics studies of wild and cultivated olives are crucial to improve understanding of olive domestication.
Book ChapterDOI
Origin and Domestication
TL;DR: A review of the literature on the domestication of the olive can be found in this paper, with a focus on the recent results on population, archaeobotanical, and genetic studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic structure of the Greek olive germplasm revealed by RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers
TL;DR: Data suggested that both sexual and vegetative propagation have contributed to the evolution of the Greek olive germplasm, and clustering of olive cultivars was correlated to their primarily usage (table or oil producing) and fruit size.
Journal ArticleDOI
A comparative analysis of genetic variation in rootstocks and scions of old olive trees – a window into the history of olive cultivation practices and past genetic variation
Oz Barazani,Erik Westberg,Nir Hanin,Arnon Dag,Zohar Kerem,Yizhar Tugendhaft,Yizhar Tugendhaft,Mohammed Hmidat,Thameen Hijawi,Joachim W. Kadereit +9 more
TL;DR: There is strong evidence that the majority of olive trees in the study are grafted, that the large majority of scions belong to a single ancient cultivar containing somatic mutations, and that the widespread occurrence of one sucker genotype may imply rootstock selection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic distance of inbred lines of Chinese cabbage and its relationship to heterosis
Kazutaka Kawamura,Takahiro Kawanabe,Motoki Shimizu,Atsushi J. Nagano,Atsushi J. Nagano,Atsushi J. Nagano,Natsumi Saeki,Keiichi Okazaki,Makoto Kaji,Elizabeth S. Dennis,Kenji Osabe,Ryo Fujimoto,Ryo Fujimoto +12 more
TL;DR: The aim of this study is to use DNA markers to assess the genetic distance between inbred lines to examine early developmental and yield heterosis in 32 F 1 hybrids of Chinese cabbage, indicating that genetic distance does not predict the heterosis phenotype.
References
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Journal Article
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
High resolution of human evolutionary trees with polymorphic microsatellites
Anne M. Bowcock,Andres Ruiz-Linares,J. Tomfohrde,Eric Minch,J.R. Kidd,Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that polymorphic microsatellites (primarily CA repeats) allow trees of human individuals to be constructed that reflect their geographic origin with remarkable accuracy by the analysis of a large number of loci for each individual, in spite of the small variations in allele frequencies existing between populations.