Proceedings ArticleDOI
Hawk: The Blockchain Model of Cryptography and Privacy-Preserving Smart Contracts
Ahmed E. Kosba,Andrew Miller,Elaine Shi,Zikai Wen,Charalampos Papamanthou +4 more
- pp 839-858
TLDR
In this article, the authors present Hawk, a decentralized smart contract system that does not store financial transactions in the clear on the blockchain, thus retaining transactional privacy from the public's view.Abstract:
Emerging smart contract systems over decentralized cryptocurrencies allow mutually distrustful parties to transact safely without trusted third parties. In the event of contractual breaches or aborts, the decentralized blockchain ensures that honest parties obtain commensurate compensation. Existing systems, however, lack transactional privacy. All transactions, including flow of money between pseudonyms and amount transacted, are exposed on the blockchain. We present Hawk, a decentralized smart contract system that does not store financial transactions in the clear on the blockchain, thus retaining transactional privacy from the public's view. A Hawk programmer can write a private smart contract in an intuitive manner without having to implement cryptography, and our compiler automatically generates an efficient cryptographic protocol where contractual parties interact with the blockchain, using cryptographic primitives such as zero-knowledge proofs. To formally define and reason about the security of our protocols, we are the first to formalize the blockchain model of cryptography. The formal modeling is of independent interest. We advocate the community to adopt such a formal model when designing applications atop decentralized blockchains.read more
Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Hyperledger fabric: a distributed operating system for permissioned blockchains
Elli Androulaki,Artem Barger,Vita Bortnikov,Christian Cachin,Konstantinos Christidis,Angelo De Caro,David Michael Enyeart,Christopher Ferris,Gennady Laventman,Yacov Manevich,Srinivasan Muralidharan,Chet Murthy,Binh Nguyen,Manish Sethi,Gari Singh,Keith Smith,Alessandro Sorniotti,Chrysoula Stathakopoulou,Marko Vukolic,Sharon Weed Cocco,Jason Yellick +20 more
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An Overview of Blockchain Technology: Architecture, Consensus, and Future Trends
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Blockchain challenges and opportunities: a survey
TL;DR: The blockchain taxonomy is given, the typical blockchain consensus algorithms are introduced, typical blockchain applications are reviewed, and the future directions in the blockchain technology are pointed out.
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Making Smart Contracts Smarter
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References
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TL;DR: This paper formulate and construct decentralized anonymous payment schemes (DAP schemes) and builds Zero cash, a practical instantiation of the DAP scheme construction that is orders of magnitude more efficient than the less-anonymous Zero coin and competitive with plain Bit coin.
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