Journal ArticleDOI
Heterogeneous neurochemical responses to different stressors: a test of Selye’s doctrine of nonspecificity
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TLDR
Results are inconsistent with Selye's doctrine of nonspecificity and the existence of a unitary "stress syndrome", but are more consistent with the concept that each stressor has its own central neurochemical and peripheral neuroendocrine "signature."Abstract:
Selye defined stress as the nonspecific response of the body to any demand. Stressors elicit both pituitary-adrenocortical and sympathoadrenomedullary responses. One can test Selye’s concept by com...read more
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The Sympathetic Nerve—An Integrative Interface between Two Supersystems: The Brain and the Immune System
TL;DR: The activation of SNS during an immune response might be aimed to localize the inflammatory response, through induction of neutrophil accumulation and stimulation of more specific humoral immune responses, although systemically it may suppress Th1 responses, and, thus protect the organism from the detrimental effects of proinflammatory cytokines and other products of activated macrophages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Central mechanisms of stress integration: hierarchical circuitry controlling hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical responsiveness.
James P. Herman,Helmer F. Figueiredo,Nancy K. Mueller,Yvonne M. Ulrich-Lai,Michelle M. Ostrander,Dennis C. Choi,William E. Cullinan +6 more
TL;DR: The principle extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms responsible for regulating stress-responsive CRH neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which summate excitatory and inhibitory inputs into a net secretory signal at the pituitary gland, are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stressor specificity of central neuroendocrine responses: implications for stress-related disorders.
TL;DR: This review focuses mainly on the similarities and differences between the neuroendocrine responses (especially the sympathoadrenal and the sympathoneuronal systems and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis) among various stressors and a strategy for testing Selye's doctrine of nonspecificity.
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Stress Hormones, Th1/Th2 patterns, Pro/Anti-inflammatory Cytokines and Susceptibility to Disease
TL;DR: Evidence indicates that acute, subacute or chronic stress might suppress cellular immunity but boost humoral immunity, mediated by a differential effect of stress hormones, the glucocorticoids and catecholamines, on T helper 1 (Th1)/Th2 cells and type 1/type 2 cytokine production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stressor categorization: acute physical and psychological stressors elicit distinctive recruitment patterns in the amygdala and in medullary noradrenergic cell groups.
TL;DR: The present data support the suggestion that the brain recognizes at least two major categories of stressor, which the authors have referred to as ‘physical’ and ‘psychological’.
References
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Book
The Selfish Gene
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors take up the concepts of altruistic and selfish behaviour; the genetical definition of selfish interest; the evolution of aggressive behaviour; kinship theory; sex ratio theory; reciprocal altruism; deceit; and the natural selection of sex differences.
Book
The Stress of Life
TL;DR: In this paper, the discovery of stress, the dissection of stress the disease of adaptation sketch for a unified theory implications and applications is described, and the authors propose a unified framework for adaptation.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Syndrome produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents
TL;DR: If the organism is severely damaged by acute non-specific nocuous agents such as exposure to cold, surgical injury, production of spinal shock, excessive muscular exercise, or intoxications with sublethal doses of diverse drugs, a typical syndrome appears, the symptoms of which are independent of the nature of the damaging agent or the pharmacological type of the drug employed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Concepts of Stress and Stress System Disorders: Overview of Physical and Behavioral Homeostasis
TL;DR: The main components of the stress system are the corticotropin-releasing hormone and locus ceruleus-norepinephrine/autonomic systems and their peripheral effectors, the pituitary-adrenal axis, and the limbs of the autonomic system as discussed by the authors.
Book
Review of Medical Physiology
TL;DR: This book presents a systematic review of medical physiology using a probabilistic method, aiming at determining the basic principles of physiology and its applications in medicine.