Immunologic response of unvaccinated workers exposed to anthrax, Belgium.
Pierre Wattiau,Marc Govaerts,Dimitrios Frangoulidis,David Fretin,Esther Kissling,Mieke Van Hessche,Bernard China,Martine Poncin,Yvo Pirenne,Germaine Hanquet +9 more
TLDR
Serologic testing of workers in a factory that performed scouring of wool and goat hair found that individual immunity varied from undetectable to high.Abstract:
To determine immunologic reactivity to Bacillus anthrax antigens, we conducted serologic testing of workers in a factory that performed scouring of wool and goat hair. Of 66 workers, ≈10% had circulating antibodies or T lymphocytes that reacted with anthrax protective antigen. Individual immunity varied from undetectable to high.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Anthrax among heroin users in Europe possibly caused by same Bacillus anthracis strain since 2000
Roland Grunow,Silke R. Klee,Wolfgang Beyer,M. George,D. Grunow,Anne Barduhn,S. Klar,Daniela Jacob,Mandy C. Elschner,P. Sandven,A. Kjerulf,J.S. Jensen,Wei Cai,Ruth Zimmermann,Lars Schaade +14 more
TL;DR: The results show that all cases may be traced back to the same outbreak strain and indicate the probability of a single source contaminating heroin and that the outbreak could have lasted for at least a decade.
Book ChapterDOI
Bacillus anthracis: Anthrax
Markus Antwerpen,Paola Pilo,Pierre Wattiau,Patrick Butaye,Joachim Frey,Dimitrios Frangoulidis +5 more
TL;DR: Anthrax is a disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which exists in nature in 2 forms: as an active growing cell (called the vegetative form) or as a dormant spore.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review: The risk of contracting anthrax from spore-contaminated soil – A military medical perspective
TL;DR: The transmission risk of anthrax by infections of wounds due to spore-contaminated soil is considered as very low under the most circumstance and active historic anthrax foci may, however, still pose a risk to the health of deployed soldiers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anthrax lethal factor as an immune target in humans and transgenic mice and the impact of HLA polymorphism on CD4+ T cell immunity.
Stephanie Ascough,Rebecca J. Ingram,Karen K. Chu,Catherine J. Reynolds,Julie A. Musson,Mehmet Doganay,Gökhan Metan,Yusuf Ozkul,Les Baillie,Shiranee Sriskandan,Stephen James Moore,Theresa Gallagher,Hugh Dyson,E. Diane Williamson,John H. Robinson,Bernard Maillere,Rosemary J. Boyton,Daniel M. Altmann +17 more
TL;DR: The ability of the identified epitopes to confer protective immunity was demonstrated by lethal anthrax challenge of HLA transgenic mice immunized with a peptide subunit vaccine comprising the immunodominant epitopes that were identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
B. anthracis in a wool-processing factory: seroprevalence and occupational risk.
TL;DR: Workers exposed to raw goat hair should be offered higher protection against anthrax and have access to anthrax vaccines, and results suggest a dose–response association for those processing raw goathair.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
An epidemic of inhalation anthrax, the first in the twentieth century: I. Clinical features
TL;DR: Physicians should consider this disease when faced with an acute febrile illness in a person occupationally exposed to anthrax spores, for they all occurred within a ten-week period at a goat hair processing mill.
Journal ArticleDOI
An epidemic of inhalation anthrax: the first in the twentieth century. II. Epidemiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Members of the 30- to 32-Kilodalton Mycolyl Transferase Family (Ag85) from Culture Filtrate of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Are Immunodominant Th1-Type Antigens Recognized Early upon Infection in Mice and Cattle
Valérie Rosseels,Sylvie Marché,Virginie Roupie,Marc Govaerts,Jacques Godfroid,Karl Walravens,Kris Huygen +6 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that the M. avium subsp.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effectiveness and safety of vaccines against human anthrax: a systematic review.
TL;DR: The route of inoculation appears to make little difference to the effectiveness of the vaccines; however, one study shows that the incidence and severity of side-effects are significantly higher with the killed vaccine than with the alum-based placebo.
Journal ArticleDOI
The US Capitol Bioterrorism Anthrax Exposures: Clinical Epidemiological and Immunological Characteristics
Denise L. Doolan,Daniel Freilich,Gary T. Brice,Timothy Burgess,Mara P. Berzins,Robert L. Bull,Norma L. Graber,Jason Dabbs,Lori L. Shatney,David L. Blazes,Lolita Bebris,Maria F. Malone,John F. Eisold,Alfred J. Mateczun,Alfred J. Mateczun,Gregory J. Martin +15 more
TL;DR: Anthrax spores primed cellular and possibly antibody immune responses in a dose-dependent manner and may have enhanced vaccine boost and recall responses and the significance of low-level exposure should not be underestimated.
Related Papers (5)
Immune Responses to Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen in Patients with Bioterrorism-Related Cutaneous or Inhalation Anthrax
Conrad P. Quinn,Peter M. Dull,Peter M. Dull,Vera A. Semenova,Han Li,Shane Crotty,Thomas H. Taylor,Evelene Steward-Clark,Karen Stamey,Daniel S. Schmidt,Kelly Wallace Stinson,Alison E. Freeman,Cheryl M. Elie,Sandra K. Martin,Carolyn M. Greene,Rachael D. Aubert,John Glidewell,Bradley A. Perkins,Rafi Ahmed,David S. Stephens +19 more