Journal ArticleDOI
Infection patterns of o'nyong nyong virus in the malaria-transmitting mosquito, Anopheles gambiae.
Aaron C. Brault,Brian D. Foy,Kevin M. Myles,Cindy L. H. Kelly,Stephen Higgs,Scott C. Weaver,Ken E. Olson,Barry R. Miller,Ann M. Powers,Ann M. Powers +9 more
TLDR
A series of recombinant alphaviruses, based upon the genome of ONNV, designed for the expression of heterologous genes, that will be a valuable asset in parasite–mosquito interaction and interference research and to serve as tools for antimalaria studies.Abstract:
Arthropod-borne alphaviruses transmitted by mosquitoes almost exclusively use culicines; however, the alphavirus o'nyong-nyong (ONNV) has the unusual characteristic of being transmitted primarily by anopheline mosquitoes This unusual attribute makes ONNV a valuable tool in the characterization of mosquito determinants of infection as well as a useful expression system in Anopheles species We developed a series of recombinant alphaviruses, based upon the genome of ONNV, designed for the expression of heterologous genes The backbone genome is a full-length infectious cDNA clone of ONNV from which wild-type virus can be rescued Additional constructs are variants of the primary clone and contain the complete genome plus a duplicated subgenomic promoter element with a multiple cloning site for insertion of heterologous genes We inserted a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene downstream of this promoter and used it to characterize infection and dissemination patterns of ONNV within An gambiae mosquitoes These experiments allowed us to identify atypical sites of initial infection and dissemination patterns in this mosquito species not frequently observed in comparable culicine infections The utility of these ONNVs for studies in anopheline mosquitoes includes the potential for identification of vector infection determinants and to serve as tools for antimalaria studies Viruses that can express a heterologous gene in a vector and rapidly and efficiently infect numerous tissues in An gambiae mosquitoes will be a valuable asset in parasite-mosquito interaction and interference researchread more
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Infection of Ixodes scapularis ticks with Rickettsia monacensis expressing green fluorescent protein: A model system
Gerald D. Baldridge,Timothy J. Kurtti,Nicole Y. Burkhardt,Abigail S. Baldridge,Curtis M. Nelson,Adela S. Oliva,Ulrike G. Munderloh +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, epifluorescence microscopy observations of unfixed tick tissues infected with a spotted fever group endosymbiont, Rickettsia monacensis, transformed to express green fluorescent protein (GFP) were readily visualized in tick tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Replication of flock house virus in three genera of medically important insects
Ranjit Dasgupta,Heather M. Free,Suzanne L. Zietlow,Susan M. Paskewitz,Serap Aksoy,Lei Shi,Jeremy F. Fuchs,Changyun Hu,Bruce M. Christensen +8 more
TL;DR: It is reported here that FHV multiplies vigorously in vivo in the malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae Giles and An.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultrastructural analysis of chikungunya virus dissemination from the midgut of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti.
TL;DR: This study suggests that CHIKV needs a single replication cycle in the midgut epithelium before mature virions directly traverse the midGut BL during a relatively narrow time window, within 48 h pibm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dissecting the Role of E2 Protein Domains in Alphavirus Pathogenicity
James Weger-Lucarelli,Matthew T. Aliota,Nathan Wlodarchak,Attapon Kamlangdee,Ryan Swanson,Jorge E. Osorio +5 more
TL;DR: Chimeric CHIKV/SFV chimeras provide insights on the role the alphavirus E2 protein plays on pathogenicity in vitro and in vivo and manipulation of E2 domains can be useful for studies on viral pathogenesis and potentially the production of vaccines and/or antivirals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Eilat virus displays a narrow mosquito vector range
TL;DR: EILV displays a narrow vector range in mosquito species responsible for the maintenance of other alphaviruses in nature, and the exclusion of vertebrates in its maintenance cycle may have facilitated the adaptation of EILV to a single mosquito host.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Re-emergence of Chikungunya and O'nyong-nyong viruses: evidence for distinct geographical lineages and distant evolutionary relationships.
TL;DR: Phylogenetic trees corroborated historical evidence that CHIK virus originated in Africa and subsequently was introduced into Asia and revealed that ONN virus is indeed distinct from CHIK viruses, and these viruses probably diverged thousands of years ago.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stable germline transformation of the malaria mosquito Anopheles stephensi
Flaminia Catteruccia,Tony Nolan,Thanasis G. Loukeris,Claudia Blass,Charalambos Savakis,Fotis C. Kafatos,Andrea Crisanti +6 more
TL;DR: A transposon, based on the Minos element and bearing exogenous DNA, can integrate efficiently and stably into the germ line of the human malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, through a transposase-mediated process.
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Germline transformation of the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae, with the piggyBac transposable element.
Genelle L. Grossman,Cristina S. Rafferty,John R. Clayton,T. K. Stevens,O. Mukabayire,Mark Q. Benedict +5 more
TL;DR: An improvement in the injection technique at the end of the studies resulted in increased G0 hatching, transient expression and EGFP‐expression rates among G1 progeny, and genetic cross data suggest that the insertion site of the element either resulted in, or is tightly linked to, a recessive lethal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variation in susceptibility to oral infection with dengue viruses among geographic strains of Aedes aegypti.
TL;DR: The comparative susceptibility of 13 geographic strains of Aedes aegypti to oral infection with dengue viruses was studied by feeding the mosquitoes on a virus-erythrocyte-sugar suspension, suggesting that the factors controlling susceptibility were the same for all types.