Journal ArticleDOI
Iron-based catalysts with improved oxygen reduction activity in polymer electrolyte fuel cells.
TLDR
In this paper, a microporous carbon-supported iron-based catalysts with active sites believed to contain iron cations coordinated by pyridinic nitrogen functionalities in the interstices of graphitic sheets within the micropores was produced.Abstract:
Iron-based catalysts for the oxygen-reduction reaction in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells have been poorly competitive with platinum catalysts, in part because they have a comparatively low number of active sites per unit volume. We produced microporous carbon-supported iron-based catalysts with active sites believed to contain iron cations coordinated by pyridinic nitrogen functionalities in the interstices of graphitic sheets within the micropores. We found that the greatest increase in site density was obtained when a mixture of carbon support, phenanthroline, and ferrous acetate was ball-milled and then pyrolyzed twice, first in argon, then in ammonia. The current density of a cathode made with the best iron-based electrocatalyst reported here can equal that of a platinum-based cathode with a loading of 0.4 milligram of platinum per square centimeter at a cell voltage of >/=0.9 volt.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Rational design and construction of nanoporous iron- and nitrogen-doped carbon electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
Haibo Tan,Jing Tang,Jeonghun Kim,Jeonghun Kim,Yusuf Valentino Kaneti,Yong-Mook Kang,Yoshiyuki Sugahara,Yusuke Yamauchi,Yusuke Yamauchi,Yusuke Yamauchi +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the development of nanoporous Fe-N/C electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is presented, and the challenges and perspectives with respect to future development of highly active nanoporic Fe-n/C electrodes are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
On rechargeability and reaction kinetics of sodium–air batteries
Hossein Yadegari,Yongliang Li,Mohammad Norouzi Banis,Xifei Li,Biqiong Wang,Qian Sun,Ruying Li,Tsun-Kong Sham,Xiaoyu Cui,Xueliang Sun +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed account of the kinetics and rechargeability of sodium-air batteries through a series of carefully designed tests on a treated commercial carbon material was provided, which indicated that discharge capacity is linearly correlated with surface area while morphology of the solid discharge product is strongly dependent on specific surface area and pore size.
Journal ArticleDOI
Applications of graphene in microbial fuel cells: The gap between promise and reality
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the recent advances for the applications of two-dimensional graphene nano-material in MFCs, focusing on electrode fabrication and power generation, is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Degradation by Hydrogen Peroxide of Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction
TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation of catalysts induced by H 2 O 2 was investigated by contacting them ex situ with various amounts of H 2 o 2 and showed that the degradation increased with increasing amounts of HO 2 2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Direct Growth of Carbon Nanotubes Doped with Single Atomic Fe–N4 Active Sites and Neighboring Graphitic Nitrogen for Efficient and Stable Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis
Dongsheng Xia,Xin Yang,Lin Xie,Lin Xie,Yinping Wei,Wulv Jiang,Miao Dou,Xuning Li,Jia Li,Lin Gan,Feiyu Kang +10 more
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Activity benchmarks and requirements for Pt, Pt-alloy, and non-Pt oxygen reduction catalysts for PEMFCs
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified the activities and voltage loss modes for state-of-the-art MEAs (membrane electrode assemblies), specifies performance goals needed for automotive application, and provides benchmark oxygen reduction activities for state of the art platinum electrocatalysts.
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A class of non-precious metal composite catalysts for fuel cells
Rajesh Bashyam,Piotr Zelenay +1 more
TL;DR: The results of this study show that heteroatomic polymers can be used not only to stabilize the non-precious metal in the acidic environment of the PEFC cathode but also to generate active sites for oxygen reduction reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
A New Fuel Cell Cathode Catalyst
TL;DR: The use of metal phthalocyanines as catalysts for the oxidation of organic compounds has been described in the literature as mentioned in this paper, and a number of these reports were tested as cathode catalysts in fuel cells.
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Dependence of PEM fuel cell performance on catalyst loading
TL;DR: In this paper, a determination of the cell voltage losses observed for Pt and PtRu loading reductions in H2/air and reformate/air polymer/electrolyte-membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is presented.
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Heat-treated polyacrylonitrile-based catalysts for oxygen electroreduction
TL;DR: In this paper, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) mixed with Co(II) or Fe(2) salts and high-area carbon and then heat treated, has been found to yield very promising catalysts for O2 reduction in concentrated alkaline and acid solutions.