Journal ArticleDOI
Land use, habitat integrity, and aquatic insect assemblages in Central Amazonian streams
Jorge Luiz Nessimian,Eduardo Martins Venticinque,Eduardo Martins Venticinque,Jansen Zuanon,Paulo De Marco,Marcelo Gordo,Luana Fidelis,Joana Darc Batista,Leandro Juen +8 more
TLDR
In this paper, the effects of forest fragmentation and forest cover changes on habitat characteristics of streamlets (igarapes) in Amazonian forests and on the aquatic insect communities found there were evaluated by using a habitat integrity index (HII) based on Petersen's protocol (1992).Abstract:
The distribution and composition of aquatic insect communities in streams at a local scale are considered to be primarily determined by environmental factors and interactive relationships within the system. Here, we evaluated the effects of forest fragmentation and forest cover changes on habitat characteristics of streamlets (igarapes) in Amazonian forests and on the aquatic insect communities found there. We also developed a habitat integrity index (HII) based on Petersen’s protocol (1992) to evaluate physical integrity of these streamlets and to determine its efficiency to interpret the environmental impacts on this system. We studied 20 small streams at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP INPA/SI) study areas, Central Amazonia, 80 km north of Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. The vegetation cover was estimated by using LANDSAT images and classified in the following categories: exposed soil, pastures, secondary forests (capoeiras), and primary forests. Stream habitat features were evaluated by using a HII based on visual assessment of local characteristics. Aquatic insects were sampled in four major stream substrates: litter deposited in pools or backwaters, litter retained in riffles, sand, and marginal banks. Stream habitat characteristics were significantly correlated to land use and riparian forest condition. Overall aquatic insect richness and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) richness were significantly lower in pasture streams, and their taxonomic composition differed significantly from streams in forested areas. However, these metrics were not significantly correlated to the stream HII. Taxonomic composition of bank insect assemblages changed significantly between streams with low and high values of HII. There was no significant relationship between the proportion of primary forest cover and the faunal metrics. Only drastic changes in the vegetal cover seem to induce significant changes in the aquatic insect community. Matrix habitat heterogeneity, distance to forest fragments, the presence of areas of secondary forest, and the intrinsic capacity to disperse in many of the insect groups may have contributed to attenuate the effects of habitat disturbance on aquatic insect assemblages in streamlets.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The fate of Amazonian forest fragments: A 32-year investigation
William F. Laurance,William F. Laurance,José Luís Camargo,Regina C. C. Luizão,Susan G. Laurance,Susan G. Laurance,Stuart L. Pimm,Emilio M. Bruna,Philip C. Stouffer,G. Bruce Williamson,Julieta Benítez-Malvido,Heraldo L. Vasconcelos,Kyle S. Van Houtan,Kyle S. Van Houtan,Charles E. Zartman,Sarah A. Boyle,Raphael K. Didham,Raphael K. Didham,Ana Andrade,Thomas E. Lovejoy +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors synthesize findings to date from the world's largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation, located in central Amazonia, and synthesize the results to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiversity conservation in human-modified Amazonian forest landscapes
Carlos A. Peres,Toby A. Gardner,Jos Barlow,Jansen Zuanon,Fernanda Michalski,Alexander C. Lees,Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira,Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira,Kenneth J. Feeley +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the prevailing forms of anthropogenic disturbance that affect forest organisms in the context of the geographic and evolutionary background that has shaped the degree to which forest species may be resilient to environmental change.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Amazonian rainforest and its fragments as a laboratory of global change
William F. Laurance,José Luís Camargo,Philip M. Fearnside,Thomas E. Lovejoy,G. Bruce Williamson,Rita C. G. Mesquita,Christopher F.J. Meyer,Paulo Estefano D. Bobrowiec,Susan G. Laurance +8 more
TL;DR: Findings are synthesized from one of the world's largest and longest‐running experimental investigations, the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, which focuses more broadly on landscape dynamics, forest regeneration, regional‐ and global‐change phenomena, and their potential interactions and implications for Amazonian forest conservation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adult odonate abundance and community assemblage measures as indicators of stream ecological integrity: A case study
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the effect of riparian vegetation cut-off and sewage discharges in the Turvo Sujo River, in Vicosa, Southern Brazil, and found that the species richness was statistically different only in the wet season and species-abundance relations at two regions fitted well to both geometric and lognormal series.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neotropical dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) as indicators of ecological condition of small streams in the eastern Amazon
José Max Barbosa Oliveira-Junior,José Max Barbosa Oliveira-Junior,Yulie Shimano,Toby A. Gardner,Robert M. Hughes,Paulo De Marco Júnior,Leandro Juen +6 more
TL;DR: An assessment of this low-order Amazonian stream system concludes that dragonflies and other insects can act as useful indicators of the ecological consequences of riparian habitat loss and disturbance and preserving dense riparian vegetation is necessary to maintain aquatic ecological condition.
References
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