Journal ArticleDOI
Low sympathetic tone and obese phenotype in oxytocin-deficient mice.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
It is found that Oxt−/− mice develop late‐onset obesity and hyperleptinemia without any alterations in food intake in addition to having a decreased insulin sensitivity and glucose intolerance.Abstract:
Oxytocin (Oxt) is secreted both peripherally and centrally and is involved in several functions including parturition, milk let-down reflex, social behavior, and food intake. Recently, it has been shown that mice deficient in Oxt receptor develop late-onset obesity. In this study, we characterized a murin model deficient in Oxt peptide (Oxt(-/-)) to evaluate food intake and body weight, glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance, leptin and adrenaline levels. We found that Oxt(-/-) mice develop late-onset obesity and hyperleptinemia without any alterations in food intake in addition to having a decreased insulin sensitivity and glucose intolerance. The lack of Oxt in our murin model also results in lower adrenalin levels which led us to hypothesize that the metabolic changes observed are associated with a decreased sympathetic nervous tone. It has been shown that Oxt neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are a component of a leptin-sensitive signaling circuit between the hypothalamus and caudal brain stem for the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. Nevertheless, the lack of Oxt in these mice does not have a direct impact on feeding behavior whose regulation is probably dependent on the complex interplay of several factors. The lack of hyperphagia evident in the Oxt(-/-) mice may, in part, be attributed to the developmental compensation of other satiety factors such as cholecystokinin or bombesin-related peptides which merits further investigation. These findings identify Oxt as an important central regulator of energy homeostasis.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological Stress in Childhood and Susceptibility to the Chronic Diseases of Aging: Moving toward a Model of Behavioral and Biological Mechanisms.
TL;DR: A biological embedding model is presented that maintains that childhood stress gets "programmed" into macrophages through epigenetic markings, posttranslational modifications, and tissue remodeling, and proposes that over the life course, these proinflammatory tendencies are exacerbated by behavioral proclivities and hormonal dysregulation, themselves the products of exposure to early stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurobiology of food intake in health and disease.
TL;DR: How the interplay between homeostatic and emergency feeding circuits influences the biologically defended level of body weight under physiological and pathophysiological conditions is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vasopressin V1a and V1b Receptors: From Molecules to Physiological Systems
Taka-aki Koshimizu,Kazuaki Nakamura,Nobuaki Egashira,Masami Hiroyama,Hiroshi Nonoguchi,Akito Tanoue +5 more
TL;DR: This report reviews the findings in this important field by covering a wide range of research, from the molecular physiology of V1a and V1b receptors to studies on whole animals, including gene knockout/knockdown studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxytocin is an age-specific circulating hormone that is necessary for muscle maintenance and regeneration
Christian Elabd,Wendy Cousin,Pavan S. Upadhyayula,Robert Y. Chen,Marc Chooljian,Ju Li,Sunny Kung,Kevin P. Jiang,Irina M. Conboy +8 more
TL;DR: Oxytocin - a hormone best known for its role in lactation, parturition, and social behaviors - is required for proper muscle tissue regeneration and homeostasis, and that plasma levels of oxytocin decline with age.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Placental Hormones in Mediating Maternal Adaptations to Support Pregnancy and Lactation
TL;DR: The changes that occur in maternal physiology in response to pregnancy and the significance of placental hormone production in mediating such changes are examined.
References
More filters
Book
Williams Textbook of Endocrinology
TL;DR: Williams textbook of endocrinology / , Williams textbooks of endocrineology /, کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی اهواز
Journal ArticleDOI
Leptin Inhibits Bone Formation through a Hypothalamic Relay: A Central Control of Bone Mass
Patricia Ducy,Michael Amling,Shu Takeda,Matthias Priemel,Arndt F. Schilling,Frank Timo Beil,Jianhe Shen,Charles Vinson,Johannes M. Rueger,Gerard Karsenty +9 more
TL;DR: This study identifies leptin as a potent inhibitor of bone formation acting through the central nervous system and therefore describes the central nature of bone mass control and its disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leptin Regulates Bone Formation via the Sympathetic Nervous System
Shu Takeda,Florent Elefteriou,Regis Levasseur,Xiuyun Liu,Liping Zhao,Keith L. Parker,Dawna L. Armstrong,Patricia Ducy,Patricia Ducy,Gerard Karsenty +9 more
TL;DR: A leptin-dependent neuronal regulation of bone formation with potential therapeutic implications for osteoporosis is demonstrated, and the peripheral mediators of leptin antiosteogenic function appear to be neuronal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxytocin is required for nursing but is not essential for parturition or reproductive behavior
TL;DR: Oxytocin plays an essential role only in milk ejection in the mouse, and females lacking oxytocin have no obvious deficits in fertility or reproduction, including gestation and parturition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neither Agouti-Related Protein nor Neuropeptide Y Is Critically Required for the Regulation of Energy Homeostasis in Mice
Su Qian,Howard Y. Chen,Drew T. Weingarth,Myrna E. Trumbauer,Dawn E. Novi,Xiao-Ming Guan,Hong Yu,Zhu Shen,Yue Feng,Easter G. Frazier,Airu Chen,Ramon E. Camacho,Lauren P. Shearman,Shobhna Gopal-Truter,Douglas J. MacNeil,Lex H.T. Van der Ploeg,Donald J. Marsh +16 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that neither AgRP nor NPY is a critically required orexigenic factor, suggesting that other pathways capable of regulating energy homeostasis can compensate for the loss of both AgRP and NPY.
Related Papers (5)
The Oxytocin Receptor System: Structure, Function, and Regulation
Gerald Gimpl,Falk Fahrenholz +1 more