Marijuana use patterns and sleep among community-based young adults
TLDR
Differences in sleep characteristics between a community sample of daily users, non-daily marijuana users, and non-users were examined and mood in the relationship between marijuana use and sleep was considered.Abstract:
Marijuana is the most commonly used recreational drug in the United States. Research on the relationship between marijuana and sleep is still in its infancy. The study examined differences in sleep characteristics between a community sample of daily users, non-daily marijuana users, and non-users. A total of 98 subjects (45 M; 53 F) participated. The mean age was 22.3 (standard deviation = 3.0). There were 53 females and 55% of the sample was Caucasian. Recruitment was done online and via print advertisements in the community. Groups were categorized as non-daily users (n = 29), daily users (n = 49), and non-user controls (n = 20). Sleep was characterized by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire. A standard cut off score of >10 for the Insomnia Severity Index was found in 38.8% of daily users, 10.3% of non-daily users, and 20% of non-users. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores in daily users (7.0+/-3.8) were higher than non-daily (4.9+/-3.2) and non-user controls (5.0+/-3.7), p = .02. Insomnia Severity Index scores in daily users (7.9+/-6.1) were higher than non-daily (5.1+/-4.3) and non-user controls (4.3+/-4.8), p = .01. Covariate adjusted regression analyses revealed mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Insomnia Severity Index scores were significantly lower for non-daily users and controls relative to the daily users. When adjusting for depression and anxiety, these unique associations were not significant. There were no differences in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale or Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire. Daily marijuana users endorsed more sleep disturbance than non-daily users. Future studies should consider mood in the relationship between marijuana use and sleep.read more
Citations
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Eveningness and Later Sleep Timing Are Associated with Greater Risk for Alcohol and Marijuana Use in Adolescence: Initial Findings from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence Study
Brant P. Hasler,Peter L. Franzen,Massimiliano de Zambotti,Devin Prouty,Sandra A. Brown,Susan F. Tapert,Adolf Pfefferbaum,Adolf Pfefferbaum,Kilian M. Pohl,Edith V. Sullivan,Michael D. De Bellis,Bonnie J. Nagel,Fiona C. Baker,Ian M. Colrain,Duncan B. Clark +14 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that eveningness and sleep timing may be under recognized risk factors and future areas of intervention for adolescent involvement in alcohol and marijuana that should be considered along with other previously identified sleep factors such as insomnia and insufficient sleep.
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Cannabis use and sleep: Expectations, outcomes, and the role of age.
TL;DR: Cannabis users have increased expectations of cannabis being a sleep aid, but few associations existed between cannabis use and sleep outcomes.
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