Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images
Bruce Fischl,Anders M. Dale +1 more
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TLDR
An automated method for accurately measuring the thickness of the cerebral cortex across the entire brain and for generating cross-subject statistics in a coordinate system based on cortical anatomy is presented.Abstract:
Accurate and automated methods for measuring the thickness of human cerebral cortex could provide powerful tools for diagnosing and studying a variety of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Manual methods for estimating cortical thickness from neuroimaging data are labor intensive, requiring several days of effort by a trained anatomist. Furthermore, the highly folded nature of the cortex is problematic for manual techniques, frequently resulting in measurement errors in regions in which the cortical surface is not perpendicular to any of the cardinal axes. As a consequence, it has been impractical to obtain accurate thickness estimates for the entire cortex in individual subjects, or group statistics for patient or control populations. Here, we present an automated method for accurately measuring the thickness of the cerebral cortex across the entire brain and for generating cross-subject statistics in a coordinate system based on cortical anatomy. The intersubject standard deviation of the thickness measures is shown to be less than 0.5 mm, implying the ability to detect focal atrophy in small populations or even individual subjects. The reliability and accuracy of this new method are assessed by within-subject test-retest studies, as well as by comparison of cross-subject regional thickness measures with published values.read more
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The Disconnected Brain and Executive Function Decline in Aging
Anders M. Fjell,Anders M. Fjell,Markus Handal Sneve,Håkon Grydeland,Andreas Berg Storsve,Kristine B. Walhovd,Kristine B. Walhovd +6 more
TL;DR: The present results constitute evidence for a “disconnected brain” view on cognitive aging, as both structural and functional connectivity changes were related to longitudinal reductions in executive function and only structural connectivity change could explain the age‐specific decline.
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Abnormal cerebral cortex structure in children with ADHD.
Sasha M. Wolosin,Marin E. Richardson,Joseph G. Hennessey,Joseph G. Hennessey,Martha B. Denckla,Stewart H. Mostofsky,Stewart H. Mostofsky +6 more
TL;DR: An automated surface‐based analysis technique was used to examine the ADHD‐associated differences in additional morphologic features of cerebral cortical gray matter structure, including surface area, thickness, and cortical folding.
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TL;DR: Cross-sectional analysis of magnetic resonance image-based brain structure on a population-based cohort of healthy adults suggests that at a population level, obesity may increase the risk of neurodegeneration.
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Brain size, sex, and the aging brain
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