Journal ArticleDOI
Mesenchymal stem cells in joint disease and repair
Frank Barry,Mary Murphy +1 more
TLDR
Mechanistically, paracrine signalling by MSCs might be more important than differentiation in stimulating repair responses; thus,Paracrine factors must be assessed as measures of MSC therapeutic potency, to replace traditional assays based on cell-surface markers and differentiation.Abstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent chronic condition with a striking impact on quality of life, represents an enormous societal burden that increases greatly as populations age. Yet no approved pharmacological intervention, biologic therapy or procedure prevents the progressive destruction of the OA joint. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-multipotent precursors of connective tissue cells that can be isolated from many adult tissues, including those of the diarthrodial joint-have emerged as a potential therapy. Endogenous MSCs contribute to maintenance of healthy tissues by acting as reservoirs of repair cells or as immunomodulatory sentinels to reduce inflammation. The onset of degenerative changes in the joint is associated with aberrant activity or depletion of these cell reservoirs, leading to loss of chondrogenic potential and preponderance of a fibrogenic phenotype. Local delivery of ex vivo cultures of MSCs has produced promising outcomes in preclinical models of joint disease. Mechanistically, paracrine signalling by MSCs might be more important than differentiation in stimulating repair responses; thus, paracrine factors must be assessed as measures of MSC therapeutic potency, to replace traditional assays based on cell-surface markers and differentiation. Several early-stage clinical trials, initiated or underway in 2013, are testing the delivery of MSCs as an intra-articular injection into the knee, but optimal dose and vehicle are yet to be established.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Intra‐Articular Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Proof‐of‐Concept Clinical Trial
Chris Hyunchul Jo,Young Gil Lee,Won Hyoung Shin,Hyang Sun Kim,Jee Won Chai,Eui Cheol Jeong,Ji Eun Kim,Hackjoon Shim,Ji Sun Shin,Il Seob Shin,Jeong Chan Ra,Sohee Oh,Kang Sup Yoon +12 more
TL;DR: Results showed that intra‐articular injection of 1.0 × 108 AD MSCs into the osteoarthritic knee improved function and pain of the knee joint without causing adverse events, and reduced cartilage defects by regeneration of hyaline‐like articular cartilage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Progress in intra-articular therapy
TL;DR: Im intra-articular therapy is challenging because of the rapid egress of injected materials from the joint space; this elimination is true of both small molecules, which exit via synovial capillaries, and of macromolecules, which are cleared by the lymphatic system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structurally and Functionally Optimized Silk-Fibroin–Gelatin Scaffold Using 3D Printing to Repair Cartilage Injury In Vitro and In Vivo
Weili Shi,Muyang Sun,Xiaoqing Hu,Bo Ren,Jin Cheng,Chenxi Li,Xiaoning Duan,Xin Fu,Jiying Zhang,Haifeng Chen,Yingfang Ao +10 more
TL;DR: This dually optimized scaffold has shown superior performance for cartilage repair in a knee joint because it not only retains adequate BMSCs, due to efficient recruiting ability, and acts as a physical barrier for blood clots, but also provides a mechanical protection before neocartilage formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current Understanding of Pathogenesis and Treatment of TMJ Osteoarthritis
TL;DR: Treatments that prevent the progression of cartilage degradation and subchondral bone damage should be explored, and regeneration for the TMJ may provide the ideal long-term solution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intra-Articular Injection of Autologous Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Phase IIb, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
TL;DR: An intra‐articular injection of autologous AD‐MSCs provided satisfactory functional improvement and pain relief for patients with knee osteoarthritis in the outpatient setting, without causing adverse events at 6 months' follow‐up.
References
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