Methylphenidate ('Ritalin') can ameliorate abnormal risk-taking behavior in the frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia.
Shibley Rahman,Trevor W. Robbins,John R. Hodges,John R. Hodges,Mitul A. Mehta,Peter J. Nestor,Luke Clark,Barbara J. Sahakian +7 more
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Methylphenidate was effective in ‘normalizing’ the decision-making behavior of patients, such that they became less risk taking on medication, although there were no significant effects on other aspects of cognitive function, including working memory, attentional set shifting, and reversal learning.About:
This article is published in Neuropsychopharmacology.The article was published on 2006-03-01 and is currently open access. It has received 121 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Orbitofrontal cortex & Frontotemporal dementia.read more
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Differential effects of insular and ventromedial prefrontal cortex lesions on risky decision-making
Luke Clark,Antoine Bechara,Hanna Damasio,Michael R. F. Aitken,Barbara J. Sahakian,Trevor W. Robbins +5 more
TL;DR: VmPFC damage was associated with increased betting regardless of the odds of winning, consistent with a role of vmPFC in biasing healthy individuals towards conservative options under risk, and patients with insular cortex lesions failed to adjust their bets by the odds on the Cambridge Gamble Task, confirming the necessary role of thevmPFC and insular regions in decision-making under risk.
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Personality, Addiction, Dopamine: Insights from Parkinson's Disease
Alain Dagher,Trevor W. Robbins +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that persistently elevated dopaminergic stimulation promotes the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors and is related to current models of learning and addiction.
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Clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs: A revised (third) consensus statement from the British Association for Psychopharmacology
John T. O'Brien,Clive Holmes,Matthew Jones,Roy W. Jones,Gill Livingston,Ian G. McKeith,Peter Mittler,Peter Passmore,Craig W. Ritchie,Louise Robinson,Elizabeth L Sampson,John-Paul Taylor,Alan J. Thomas,Alistair Burns +13 more
TL;DR: The British Association for Psychopharmacology coordinated a meeting of experts to review and revise its previous 2011 guidelines for clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs, with the consensus statement focusing on medication.
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Decision-Making Dysfunctions in Psychiatry—Altered Homeostatic Processing?
TL;DR: Individuals with psychiatric disorders show altered decision-making that are either non-optimal or nonhomeostatic, which fundamentally relate to problems with homeostatic regulation.
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A systematic review of neurotransmitter deficits and treatments in frontotemporal dementia.
TL;DR: Studies of neurotransmitter deficiencies in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) can be helpful in developing treatments, and larger, well-controlled treatment studies are required to reach more definitive conclusions about treatment efficacy.
References
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“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parallel Organization of Functionally Segregated Circuits Linking Basal Ganglia and Cortex
TL;DR: The basal ganglia serve primarily to integrate diverse inputs from the entire cerebral cortex and to "funnel" these influences, via the ventrolateral thalamus, to the motor cortex.
Book
Statistical Methods for Psychology
TL;DR: The Statistical Methods for Psychology as discussed by the authors survey statistical techniques commonly used in the behavioral and social sciences, especially psychology and education, and is suitable for either a one-term or a full-year course, and has been used successfully for both.