Net emission reductions from electric cars and heat pumps in 59 world regions over time
Florian Knobloch,Florian Knobloch,Steef V. Hanssen,Aileen Lam,Aileen Lam,Hector Pollitt,Pablo Salas,Unnada Chewpreecha,Mark A. J. Huijbregts,Jean-Francois Mercure +9 more
- Vol. 3, Iss: 6, pp 437-447
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TLDR
Current and future emissions trade-offs in 59 world regions with heterogeneous households are analyzed by combining forward-looking integrated assessment model simulations with bottom-up life-cycle assessments to show that already under current carbon intensities of electricity generation, electric cars and heat pumps are less emission intensive than fossil-fuel-based alternatives in 53 world regions.Abstract:
The electrification of passenger road transport and household heating features prominently in current and planned policy frameworks to achieve greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets. However, since electricity generation involves using fossil fuels, it is not established where and when the replacement of fossil-fuel-based technologies by electric cars and heat pumps can effectively reduce overall emissions. Could electrification policies backfire by promoting their diffusion before electricity is decarbonized? Here we analyse current and future emissions trade-offs in 59 world regions with heterogeneous households, by combining forward-looking integrated assessment model simulations with bottom-up life-cycle assessments. We show that already under current carbon intensities of electricity generation, electric cars and heat pumps are less emission intensive than fossil-fuel-based alternatives in 53 world regions, representing 95% of the global transport and heating demand. Even if future end-use electrification is not matched by rapid power-sector decarbonization, it will probably reduce emissions in almost all world regions. Little is known about the actual effects of electrification policies on carbon emissions. This study shows that, under current carbon intensities of electricity generation, electric cars and heat pumps are less emission intensive than fossil-fuel-based alternatives in 53 of 59 world regions.read more
Citations
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Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change
TL;DR: The work of the IPCC Working Group III 5th Assessment report as mentioned in this paper is a comprehensive, objective and policy neutral assessment of the current scientific knowledge on mitigating climate change, which has been extensively reviewed by experts and governments to ensure quality and comprehensiveness.
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Future material demand for automotive lithium-based batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify the future demand for key battery materials, considering potential electric vehicle fleet and battery chemistry developments as well as second-use and recycling of electric vehicle batteries.
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Potential and risks of hydrogen-based e-fuels in climate change mitigation
Falko Ueckerdt,Christian Bauer,Alois Dirnaichner,Jordan Everall,Jordan Everall,Romain Sacchi,Gunnar Luderer,Gunnar Luderer +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight the opportunities and risks of e-fuels, and conclude that hydrogen and e-Fuels should be prioritized for sectors inaccessible to direct electrification.
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Personal Vehicles Evaluated against Climate Change Mitigation Targets
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the costs and carbon intensities of 125 light-duty vehicle models on the U.S. market today and evaluate these models against U. S. emission-reduction targets for 2030, 2040, and 2050 that are compatible with the goal of limiting mean global temperature rise to 2 °C above preindustrial levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
PRospective EnvironMental Impact asSEment (premise): A streamlined approach to producing databases for prospective life cycle assessment using integrated assessment models
TL;DR: In this article , a tool called premise is introduced to streamline the generation of prospective inventory databases for pLCA by integrating scenarios generated by Integrated Assessment Models (IAM), which applies a number of transformations on energy-intensive activities found in the inventory database ecoinvent according to projections provided by the IAM.
References
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Diffusion of innovations
TL;DR: Upon returning to the U.S., author Singhal’s Google search revealed the following: in January 2001, the impeachment trial against President Estrada was halted by senators who supported him and the government fell without a shot being fired.
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A review: James H. Meisel, The Fall of the Republic: Military Revolt in France Edward R. Tannenbaum, The Action Française: Diehard Reactionaries in Twentieth-Century France
Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change
TL;DR: The work of the IPCC Working Group III 5th Assessment report as mentioned in this paper is a comprehensive, objective and policy neutral assessment of the current scientific knowledge on mitigating climate change, which has been extensively reviewed by experts and governments to ensure quality and comprehensiveness.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ecoinvent database version 3 (part I): overview and methodology
Gregor Wernet,Christian Bauer,Bernhard Steubing,Bernhard Steubing,Jürgen Reinhard,Emilia Moreno-Ruiz,Bo Pedersen Weidema +6 more
TL;DR: With version 3, the ecoinvent database substantially expands the goals and scopes of LCA studies it can support, and the new system models allow new, different studies to be performed.
Book
Climate change 2014 : mitigation of climate change
TL;DR: The third part of the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as discussed by the authors, Climate Change 2013/2014, was prepared by its Working Group III.
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