Journal ArticleDOI
New constraints on the pyroclastic eruptive history of the Campanian volcanic Plain (Italy)
B. De Vivo,G. Rolandi,Phillip B. Gans,A. Calvert,Wendy A. Bohrson,Frank J. Spera,Harvey E. Belkin +6 more
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In this paper, the age of the Campanian Ignimbrite is estimated to be 39.28 ± 0.11 ka, about 2 ky older than the previous best estimate.Abstract:
The ∼ 150 km3 (DRE) trachytic Campanian Ignimbrite, which is situated north-west of Naples, Italy, is one of the largest eruptions in the Mediterranean region in the last 200 ky. Despite centuries of investigation, the age and eruptive history of the Campanian Ignimbrite is still debated, as is the chronology of other significant volcanic events of the Campanian Plain within the last 200–300 ky. New 40Ar/39Ar geochronology defines the age of the Campanian Ignimbrite at 39.28 ± 0.11 ka, about 2 ky older than the previous best estimate. Based on the distribution of the Campanian Ignimbrite and associated uppermost proximal lithic and polyclastic breccias, we suggest that the Campanian Ignimbrite magma was emitted from fissures activated along neotectonic Apennine faults rather than from ring fractures defining a Campi Flegrei caldera. Significantly, new volcanological, geochronological, and geochemical data distinguish previously unrecognized ignimbrite deposits in the Campanian Plain, accurately dated between 157 and 205 ka. These ages, coupled with a xenocrystic sanidine component > 315 ka, extend the volcanic history of this region by over 200 ky. Recent work also identifies a pyroclastic deposit, dated at 18.0 ka, outside of the topographic Campi Flegrei basin, expanding the spatial distribution of post-Campanian Ignimbrite deposits. These new discoveries emphasize the importance of continued investigation of the ages, distribution, volumes, and eruption dynamics of volcanic events associated with the Campanian Plain. Such information is critical for accurate assessment of the volcanic hazards associated with potentially large-volume explosive eruptions in close proximity to the densely populated Neapolitan region.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid coupling between ice volume and polar temperature over the past 150,000 years
Katharine M. Grant,Eelco J. Rohling,Eelco J. Rohling,Miryam Bar-Matthews,Avner Ayalon,Martín Medina-Elizalde,C. Bronk Ramsey,Christopher Satow,Andrew P. Roberts +8 more
TL;DR: An independent dating of a continuous, high-resolution sea-level record in millennial-scale detail throughout the past 150,000 years is presented and it is found that the timing of ice-volume fluctuations agrees well with that of variations in Antarctic climate and especially Greenland climate.
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Markers of the last interglacial sea-level high stand along the coast of Italy: Tectonic implications
Luigi Ferranti,Fabrizio Antonioli,Barbara Mauz,Alessandro Amorosi,Giuseppe Dai Pra,Giuseppe Mastronuzzi,Carmelo Monaco,Paolo E. Orrù,Marta Pappalardo,Ulrich Radtke,P. Renda,Paola Romano,Paolo Sansò,Vladimiro Verrubbi +13 more
TL;DR: A compilation of the Marine Isotope Substage (MIS 5.5) sites spanning the coastline of Italy allows a picture of the vertical displacement pattern affecting the Central Mediterranean coasts since the Late Pleistocene to be drawn.
Journal ArticleDOI
The age of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff caldera-forming eruption (Campi Flegrei caldera – Italy) assessed by 40Ar/39Ar dating method
TL;DR: The Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) is the product of the largest known trachytic phreatoplinian eruption in the Campi Flegrei caldera as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
A 14C age calibration curve for the last 60 ka: the Greenland-Hulu U/Th timescale and its impact on understanding the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in Western Eurasia.
Bernhard Weninger,Olaf Jöris +1 more
TL;DR: The observed variations in past 14C levels are not as extreme as previously proposed, and the new chronological framework leaves ample room for application of radiocarbon dating in the age-range 45.0-25.0 ka 14C BP at high temporal resolution.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic structure in Europeans dating back at least 36,200 years
Andaine Seguin-Orlando,Thorfinn Sand Korneliussen,Martin Sikora,Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas,Andrea Manica,Ida Moltke,Ida Moltke,Anders Albrechtsen,Amy Ko,Ashot Margaryan,Vyacheslav Moiseyev,Ted Goebel,Michael C. Westaway,David M. Lambert,Valeri Khartanovich,Jeffrey D. Wall,Philip R. Nigst,Robert Foley,Robert Foley,Marta Mirazón Lahr,Marta Mirazón Lahr,Rasmus Nielsen,Ludovic Orlando,Eske Willerslev +23 more
TL;DR: The findings reveal the timing of divergence of western Eurasians and East Asians to be more than 36,200 years ago and that European genomic structure today dates back to the Upper Paleolithic and derives from a metapopulation that at times stretched from Europe to central Asia.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The restless, resurgent Campi Flegrei nested caldera (Italy): constraints on its evolution and configuration
G. Orsi,S. de Vita,M. A. Di Vito +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors collected new stratigraphic data in the Campi Flegrei caldera through surface geological mapping and study of cores drilled to various depths.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mobility of a large-volume pyroclastic flow — emplacement of the Campanian ignimbrite, Italy
TL;DR: The trachytic Campanian ignimbrite, originally exposed over a 30,000-km 2 area around Naples, Italy, is the product of a highly energetic, gas-rich eruption as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Geochemical zoning, mingling, eruptive dynamics and depositional processes; the Campanian Ignimbrite, Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy
TL;DR: The Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) is a large volume trachytic tuff erupted at 37 ka from the Campi Flegrei and composed of a fallout deposit overlain by ignimbrites.
Journal ArticleDOI
The campanian ignimbrite: a major prehistoric eruption in the Neapolitan area (Italy)
TL;DR: A geological, chemical and petrographical study of the Campanian ignimbrite, a pyroclastic flow deposit erupted about 30,000 years ago on the Neapolitan area (Italy) is reported in this paper.
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The restless, resurgent Campi Flegrei nested caldera (Italy): constraints on its evolution and configuration
G. Orsi,S. de Vita,M. A. Di Vito +2 more