Overlapping and distinct gray and white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder
Dana Anderson,Babak A. Ardekani,Katherine E. Burdick,Delbert G. Robinson,Delbert G. Robinson,Delbert G. Robinson,Majnu John,Majnu John,Anil K. Malhotra,Anil K. Malhotra,Anil K. Malhotra,Philip R. Szeszko,Philip R. Szeszko,Philip R. Szeszko +13 more
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TLDR
This article used diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and a region of interest based analysis to identify overlapping and distinct gray and white matter abnormalities in 35 patients with schizophrenia and 20 patients with bipolar I disorder in comparison to 56 healthy volunteers.Abstract:
Objectives
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder may share common neurobiological mechanisms, but few studies have directly compared gray and white matter structure in these disorders We used diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and a region of interest based analysis to identify overlapping and distinct gray and white matter abnormalities in 35 patients with schizophrenia and 20 patients with bipolar I disorder in comparison to 56 healthy volunteers
Methods
We examined fractional anisotropy within the white matter and mean diffusivity within the gray matter in 42 regions of interest defined on a probabilistic atlas following non-linear registration of the images to atlas space
Results
Patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower fractional anisotropy in temporal (superior temporal and parahippocampal) and occipital (superior and middle occipital) white matter compared to patients with bipolar disorder and healthy volunteers By contrast, both patient groups demonstrated significantly higher mean diffusivity in frontal (inferior frontal and lateral orbitofrontal) and temporal (superior temporal and parahippocampal) gray matter compared to healthy volunteers, but did not differ from each other
Conclusions
Our study implicates overlapping gray matter frontal and temporal lobe structural alterations in the neurobiology of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder, but suggests that temporal and occipital lobe white matter deficits may be an additional risk factor for schizophrenia Our findings may have relevance for future diagnostic classification systems and the identification of susceptibility genes for these disordersread more
Citations
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References
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TL;DR: The concepts behind diffusion tensor imaging are reviewed and potential applications, including fiber tracking in the brain, which, in combination with functional MRI, might open a window on the important issue of connectivity.
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Paul Lichtenstein,Benjamin Hon Kei Yip,Camilla Björk,Yudi Pawitan,Tyrone D. Cannon,Patrick F. Sullivan,Patrick F. Sullivan,Christina M. Hultman,Christina M. Hultman +8 more
TL;DR: Evidence is shown that schizophrenia and bipolar disorder partly share a common genetic cause, which is consistent with a reappraisal of these disorders as distinct diagnostic entities.