Journal ArticleDOI
Phase change materials integrated in building walls: A state of the art review
TLDR
In this article, an extensive review on the incorporation of PCM into construction materials and elements by direct incorporation, immersion, encapsulation, shape-stabilization and form-stable composite PCMs is presented.Abstract:
The building sector is the dominant energy consumer with a total 30% share of the overall energy consumption and accounts for one-third of the greenhouse gas emissions around the world. Moreover, in recent years the energy demands for buildings have increased very rapidly due to increase in the growth rate of population and improvement in living standards of people. Furthermore, fossil fuels will continue to dominate the world's primary energy by 2030. Thus, the increase in energy demand, shortage of fossil fuels and environmental concerns has provided impetus to the development of sustainable building and renewable energy resources. Thermal energy storage is an efficient method for applying to building envelopes to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. This, in turn, reduces the environmental impact related to energy usage. The combination of construction materials and PCM is an efficient way to increase the thermal energy storage capacity of construction elements. Therefore, an extensive review on the incorporation of PCM into construction materials and elements by direct incorporation, immersion, encapsulation, shape-stabilization and form-stable composite PCMs is presented. For the first time, the differentiation between shape-stabilized and form-stable composite PCM has been made. Moreover, various construction materials such as diatomite, expanded perlite and graphite, etc. which are used as supports for form-stable composite PCM along with their worldwide availability are extensively discussed. One of the main aims of this review paper is to focus on the test methods which are used to determine the chemical compatibility, thermal properties, thermal stability and thermal conductivity of the PCM. Hence, the details related to calibration, sample preparation, test cell and analysis of test results are comprehensively covered. Finally, because of the renewed interest in integration of PCM in wallboards and concrete, an up-to-date review with focus on PCM enhanced wallboard and concrete for building applications is added.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal and mechanical properties of cement based-composite phase change material of butyl stearate/isopropyl palmitate/expanded graphite for low temperature solar thermal applications
TL;DR: In this article , a thermal storage composite was fabricated by integrating a novel eutectic phase change material of 80% butyl stearate (BS) and 20% isopropyl palmitate (ISOP) into supporting material of expanded graphite (EG) without leakage.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental Study of Using Micro-Encapsulated Phase-Change Material Integrated into Hemp Shive Wallboard
Edgars Kirilovs,Inga Zotova,Staņislavs Gendelis,Hans Jörg-Gusovius,Silvija Kukle,Veneranda Stramkale +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the experimental boards were made from hemp shive by directly mixing 5% encapsulate phase change materials into the mass, which significantly increased the heat capacity and thermal conductivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal characterization of polyurethane foams with phase change material
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal and energy storage properties of polyurethane foams with microencapsulated phase change materials (mPCMs) were evaluated using a dynamic scan calorimeter and thermal conductivity using the transient plane heat source method.
Journal ArticleDOI
Energy, economic and environmental impact analysis of phase change materials for cold chain transportation in Malaysia
TL;DR: In this paper , phase change material (PCM) is integrated in refrigerated vehicle walls for latent heat storage purposes, which consequently reduces refrigeration load and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effectiveness of the phase change material-based thermal energy storage integrated with the conventional cooling systems of the buildings – A review:
TL;DR: A significant portion of energy is consumed by the buildings to provide thermal comfort for its occupants as discussed by the authors, and energy consumption of the conventional cooling machines is expected to increase substantially in the future.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A review on buildings energy consumption information
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed available information concerning energy consumption in buildings, and particularly related to HVAC systems, and compared different types of building types and end uses in different countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and applications
TL;DR: The use of a latent heat storage system using phase change materials (PCMs) is an effective way of storing thermal energy and has the advantages of high energy storage density and the isothermal nature of the storage process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review on thermal energy storage with phase change: materials, heat transfer analysis and applications
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the history of thermal energy storage with solid-liquid phase change has been carried out and three aspects have been the focus of this review: materials, heat transfer and applications.
Book
Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials
P.K. Mehta,Paulo J.M. Monteiro +1 more
TL;DR: Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials as mentioned in this paper provides complete details on the microstructure-property relationship approach to provide scientific explanation for the strength and durability of concrete.