Photodynamic inactivation of mammalian viruses and bacteriophages.
Liliana Vale Costa,Maria A. F. Faustino,Maria G. P. M. S. Neves,Ângela Cunha,Adelaide Almeida +4 more
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TLDR
The aim of this review is to discuss and compare the present state of the art of mammalian viruses PDI with phage photoinactivation, with special focus on the most relevant mechanisms, molecular targets and factors affecting the viral inactivation process.Abstract:
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) has been used to inactivate microorganisms through the use of photosensitizers. The inactivation of mammalian viruses and bacteriophages by photosensitization has been applied with success since the first decades of the last century. Due to the fact that mammalian viruses are known to pose a threat to public health and that bacteriophages are frequently used as models of mammalian viruses, it is important to know and understand the mechanisms and photodynamic procedures involved in their photoinactivation. The aim of this review is to (i) summarize the main approaches developed until now for the photodynamic inactivation of bacteriophages and mammalian viruses and, (ii) discuss and compare the present state of the art of mammalian viruses PDI with phage photoinactivation, with special focus on the most relevant mechanisms, molecular targets and factors affecting the viral inactivation process.read more
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An insight on bacterial cellular targets of photodynamic inactivation.
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TL;DR: This review addresses the interactions between photosensitizers and bacterial cells, the ultrastructural, morphological and functional changes observed at initial stages and during the course of photodynamic inactivation, the oxidative alterations in specific molecular targets, and a possible development of resistance.
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Trends and targets in antiviral phototherapy
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References
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Book
Photodynamic Therapy
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of mechanisms of subcellular and tumor localization of photosensitizing agents, as well as of molecular, cellular, and tumor responses associated with photodynamic therapy, are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants
TL;DR: These low molecular mass antioxidant molecules add significantly to the defense provided by the enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidases, which are termed ‘oxidative stress’.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photosensitized singlet oxygen and its applications
TL;DR: In this article, the photophysical properties of singlet molecular oxygen and of the photosensitizers used in its generation are examined and compared, with particular focus on its role in wastewater treatment, fine chemical synthesis, and photodynamic therapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Photodynamic therapy: a new antimicrobial approach to infectious disease?
Michael R. Hamblin,Tayyaba Hasan +1 more
TL;DR: All the available evidence suggests that multi-antibiotic resistant strains are as easily killed by PDT as naive strains, and that bacteria will not readily develop resistance to PDT.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms in photodynamic therapy: part one—-photosensitizers, photochemistry and cellular localization
TL;DR: The most important factor governing the outcome of PDT is how the PS interacts with cells in the target tissue or tumor, and the key aspect of this interaction is the subcellular localization of the PS.
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