Toward Nanotechnology-Enabled Approaches against the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Carsten Weiss,Marie Carrière,Laura Fusco,Laura Fusco,Ilaria Capua,Jose Angel Regla-Nava,Matteo Pasquali,James A. Scott,Flavia Vitale,Flavia Vitale,Mehmet Ünal,Cecilia Mattevi,Davide Bedognetti,Arben Merkoçi,Arben Merkoçi,Ennio Tasciotti,Ennio Tasciotti,Açelya Yilmazer,Yury Gogotsi,Francesco Stellacci,Lucia Gemma Delogu +20 more
TLDR
Nanoimmunity by design can help to design materials for immune modulation, either stimulating or suppressing the immune response, which would find applications in the context of vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2 or in counteracting the cytokine storm, respectively.Abstract:
The COVID-19 outbreak has fueled a global demand for effective diagnosis and treatment as well as mitigation of the spread of infection, all through large-scale approaches such as specific alternative antiviral methods and classical disinfection protocols. Based on an abundance of engineered materials identifiable by their useful physicochemical properties through versatile chemical functionalization, nanotechnology offers a number of approaches to cope with this emergency. Here, through a multidisciplinary Perspective encompassing diverse fields such as virology, biology, medicine, engineering, chemistry, materials science, and computational science, we outline how nanotechnology-based strategies can support the fight against COVID-19, as well as infectious diseases in general, including future pandemics. Considering what we know so far about the life cycle of the virus, we envision key steps where nanotechnology could counter the disease. First, nanoparticles (NPs) can offer alternative methods to classical disinfection protocols used in healthcare settings, thanks to their intrinsic antipathogenic properties and/or their ability to inactivate viruses, bacteria, fungi, or yeasts either photothermally or via photocatalysis-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Nanotechnology tools to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in patients could also be explored. In this case, nanomaterials could be used to deliver drugs to the pulmonary system to inhibit interaction between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors and viral S protein. Moreover, the concept of "nanoimmunity by design" can help us to design materials for immune modulation, either stimulating or suppressing the immune response, which would find applications in the context of vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2 or in counteracting the cytokine storm, respectively. In addition to disease prevention and therapeutic potential, nanotechnology has important roles in diagnostics, with potential to support the development of simple, fast, and cost-effective nanotechnology-based assays to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 and related biomarkers. In summary, nanotechnology is critical in counteracting COVID-19 and will be vital when preparing for future pandemics.read more
Citations
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Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study
Fei Zhou,Ting Yu,Ronghui Du,Guohui Fan,Ying Liu,Zhibo Liu,Jie Xiang,Yeming Wang,Bin Song,Xiaoying Gu,Xiaoying Gu,Lulu Guan,Yuan Wei,Li Hui,Xudong Wu,Jiuyang Xu,Shengjin Tu,Yi Zhang,Hua Chen,Bin Cao +19 more
TL;DR: Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future.
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Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses
TL;DR: The research into neurological complications in CoV infections and the possible mechanisms of damage to the nervous system are reviewed.
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Aerosol Filtration Efficiency of Common Fabrics Used in Respiratory Cloth Masks.
Abhiteja Konda,Abhinav Prakash,Abhinav Prakash,Gregory A. Moss,Michael Schmoldt,Gregory D. Grant,Supratik Guha,Supratik Guha +7 more
TL;DR: Overall, it is found that combinations of various commonly available fabrics used in cloth masks can potentially provide significant protection against the transmission of aerosol particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cardiovascular disease and COVID-19.
TL;DR: It has been consistently shown that the presence of pre-existing CV disease and/or development of acute cardiac injury are associated with significantly worse outcome in patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
Journal ArticleDOI
Can the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Affect the Eyes? A Review of Coronaviruses and Ocular Implications in Humans and Animals
Ivan Seah,Rupesh Agrawal +1 more
TL;DR: The current evidence suggesting possible human CoV infection of ocular tissue is reviewed and animal CoVs and their associated ocular infections are highlighted.
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Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study.
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A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
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Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
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TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
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