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Predictability, surprise, attention, and conditioning

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TLDR
The role of attention in Pavlovian conditioning, and use of auditory and visual stimuli to condition rats is discussed in this article, where the authors discuss the use of both visual and auditory stimuli.
Abstract
Role of attention in Pavlovian conditioning, and use of auditory and visual stimuli to condition rats

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Similarity and Discrimination: A Selective Review and a Connectionist Model

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the extent to which two elemental theories of conditioning, stimulus sampling theory and the Rescorla-Wagner (1972) theory, are able to account for the influence of similarity on discrimination learning.
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The propositional nature of human associative learning.

TL;DR: It is argued that this new conceptual framework allows many of the important recent advances in associative learning research to be retained, but recast in a model that provides a firmer foundation for both immediate application and future research.
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The placebo effect: dissolving the expectancy versus conditioning debate.

TL;DR: The authors review the literature on the 2 main models of the placebo effect: expectancy theory and classical conditioning and suggest that classical conditioning procedures are one shaping factor but that verbal information can also shape placebo effects.
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Reinforcement learning in the brain

TL;DR: The formal reinforcement learning framework is introduced and aspects of learning not associated with phasic dopamine signals are extended, such as learning of goal-directed responding that may not be dopamine-dependent, and learning about the vigor with which actions should be performed that has been linked to tonic aspects of dopaminergic signaling.
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Assessment of covariation by humans and animals: The joint influence of prior expectations and current situational information.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a theoretical framework for understanding and integrating people's and animals' covariation assessment, which is determined by the interaction between two sources of information: the organism's prior expectations about the covariation between two events and current situational information provided by the environment about the objective contingency between the events.