Q2. What are the future works in this paper?
From their review of the extant literature, the authors have identified four key areas for further research that share commonality and criticality across all of the product groups they investigated: ( 1 ) collaborating with governments in developing new regulatory mechanisms and standards that incentivize safety ; ( 2 ) better tools and methodologies for managing information during the lifecycle of the product from design through disposal ; ( 3 ) technologies for tracing products across the global supply chain and managing recalls ; and ( 4 ) building supplier relationships as a critical element of a product safety risk management strategy. Further work is needed in the interface of operations and policy to determine the most effective incentives for ensuring product quality and safety in the supply chain. Further research might evaluate how effectively these systems can help to identify products which may have been exposed to contamination or adulteration. However, the actual learning mechanism is a topic for further research.
Q3. What is the role of traceability in product safety?
As safety becomes a recognized part of product lifecycle management, research will be needed to determine if hazard analysis processes and/or traceability approaches lead to safer products and fewer recalls.
Q4. What is the purpose of the trilateral approach to product safety?
In 2008, the European Union, U.S., and China launched a trilateral approach to product safety designed to build mutual trust and develop a coordinated response to product safety concerns, as well as keep to product safety at the top of the international political agenda.
Q5. What are the key areas for operations management research in addressing safety and security problems?
In their review the authors identify four key areas for operations management research in addressing safety and security problems: regulation and standards, product lifecycle management; traceability and recalls, and supplier management.
Q6. What is the importance of research in identifying safety problems?
Research is needed to determine how information sharing coupled with “smart” IT solutions like data-mining techniques or pattern recognition methods can help in detecting a safety problem and its likely root cause for purposes of making a timely recall decision.
Q7. What are the key areas for further research?
From their review of the extant literature, the authors have identified four key areas for further research that share commonality and criticality across all of the product groups the authors investigated: (1) collaborating with governments in developing new regulatory mechanisms and standards that incentivize safety; (2) better tools and methodologies for managing information during the lifecycle of the product from design through disposal; (3) technologies for tracing products across the global supply chain and managing recalls; and (4) building supplier relationships as a critical element of a product safety risk management strategy.
Q8. What is the purpose of hazard analysis?
The process starts with a preliminary hazard analysis that is intended toanalyses examine the hazards that may arise during storage, transportation or use; hazards that arise due to technical malfunction or failure of the device; and hazards due to user error.
Q9. What are the main challenges of maintaining product quality and safety in international production networks?
The particular challenges of maintaining product design quality and safety in international production networks while, at the same time, trying to cut costs and shorten the concept-to-market time have been addressed (Zhu et al., 2009, 2008).
Q10. What is the definition of product lifecycle management?
Product lifecycle management Product lifecycle management refers to the process of managing the entire lifecycle of a product from conception through design and manufacturing, including service and disposal.
Q11. What is the bottleneck in managing recalls?
The bottleneck may lie in having enough data and information to use these sophisticated information technologies in managing recalls.
Q12. What are the five industries where product safety and security is critical?
In this essay, the authors focus on five industries where product safety and security is most critical: food, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, consumer products and automobiles.
Q13. What are the main reasons for the problems with products manufactured in developing regions?
Several safety problems with products manufactured in developing regions of the world are linked to intentional actions by a supplier or outsourcer to increase profits at the expense of safety.
Q14. What are some problems that may arise during manufacturing, packaging, transportation, storage, and handling?
They may include errors, such as contamination or inadequate sterilization, that might arise during manufacturing, packaging, transportation, storage, and handling.
Q15. What is the current literature on the topic of risk prevention, risk mitigation and risk control?
The current literature indicates that research addressing strategies for risk prevention, risk mitigation and risk control will complement existing work in the area of procurement and supply management.
Q16. What is the definition of quality function deployment?
Quality function deployment, a tool adapted from operations management, has also been proposed as an approach for considering multiple objectives, including safety, in establishing design requirements (Karsak, 2004).
Q17. What are some of the other principles that are used to address issues of product safety and safety?
While not a comprehensive list, others who use operations management principles to address issues of product security and safety include Lee and Whang (2005) who advocate the use of total quality management, Crosby’s cost of quality paradigm and Six Sigma’s Design Measure Analyze Improve Control (DMAIC) in order to design and operate better processes to assure supply chain security at lower cost.