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Journal ArticleDOI

Profile and removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals by using an ER/AR competitive ligand binding assay and chemical analyses.

TLDR
An estrogen receptor (ER)/androgen receptor (AR) ligand competitive binding assay (ER/AR-binding assay) and chemical analyses were used to evaluate the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) behavior of two municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (K and S).
Abstract
An estrogen receptor (ER)/androgen receptor (AR) ligand competitive binding assay (ER/AR-binding assay) and chemical analyses were used to evaluate the endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) behavior of two municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (K and S). In the influents, estrone (E1), androsterone (A), androstenedione (AD), BPA (bisphenol A), NP (nonylphenol) and daidzein (DZ) were detected in high amounts with subsequent 24 h-average concentrations of 350, 1000, 29, 1300, 3900, and 5700 ng/L in K-WWTP and of 310, 620, 59, 1600, 2600, and 8400 ng/L in S-WWTP. The estrogenic (androgenic) activity as 17β-estradiol (E2) equivalents (EEQ) or testosterone (Te) equivalents (TEQ) was consequently 620 ng E2/L (570 ng Te/L) and 580 ng E2/L (800 ng Te/L) for the two WWTPs. The removal eficiencies of the above mentioned sole target chemicals were 51%–100% for K-WWTP and 55.6%–100% for S-WWTP. The removal eficiencies of EEQ were about 73% for both WWTPs, while the removal eficiencies of TEQ were 62.1% for K-WWTP and 98.4% for S-WWTP. In addition, chemical-derived EEQ were about 1.2%–52.4% of those by ER-binding assay for K-WWTP and the corresponding ratios were 1.3%–83.3% for S-WWTP, while chemical derived TEQ were less than 3% of values measured by the AR-binding assay for both WWTPs.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Microbial degradation of steroidal estrogens

TL;DR: This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the microbiology of estrogen biodegradation and proposes future research efforts aimed at bridging knowledge gaps.
Journal ArticleDOI

Migration and potential risk of trace phthalates in bottled water: A global situation.

TL;DR: The human daily intake-based risk assessment revealed that phthalates in bottled waters studied would not pose a serious concern on public health, however, the adverse estrogenic effects of phthalate in bottled water from some countries appeared to be significant.
Journal ArticleDOI

Occurrence, fate and removal of synthetic oral contraceptives (SOCs) in the natural environment: A review

TL;DR: Synthetic oral contraceptives are a group of compounds with progestagenic and/or androgenic activities, with some also possessing estrogenic activities that have adverse effects on aquatic organisms at very low concentrations.
Journal ArticleDOI

Treatment of Micropollutants in Water and Wastewater

TL;DR: Treatment of micropollutants in Water and Wastewater as mentioned in this paper provides a comprehensive overview of modern analytical methods and summarizes novel single and hybrid methods to remove continuously emerging contaminants from the aqueous phase.
Journal ArticleDOI

Bisphenol analogues in Chinese bottled water: Quantification and potential risk analysis.

TL;DR: High BPA concentration detected in PC bottled waters of China is mainly due to the presence of BPA, which may imply adverse effect on human, and further investigation should be dedicated to assess PC bottled water-associated BPA risks in a more holistic manner.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999-2000: a national reconnaissance.

TL;DR: The U.S. Geological Survey used five newly developed analytical methods to measure concentrations of 95 organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) in water samples from a network of 139 streams across 30 states during 1999 and 2000 as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI

Behavior and occurrence of estrogens in municipal sewage treatment plants--I. Investigations in Germany, Canada and Brazil.

TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior and occurrence of natural estrogens and synthetic contraceptives in municipal sewage treatment plants (STP) were investigated in German and Canadian facilities, and the mean recoveries of the analytes in ground water after SPE extraction, clean-up and derivatization generally exceeded 75%.
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Monitoring Natural and Synthetic Estrogens at Activated Sludge Sewage Treatment Plants and in a Receiving River Water

TL;DR: In this article, an analytical method involving analyte extraction with a Carbograph 4 cartridge and LC coupled with negative turbo ion spray tandem mass spectrometry in the selected reaction monitoring mode was developed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Analysis and occurrence of estrogenic hormones and their glucuronides in surface water and waste water in The Netherlands.

TL;DR: An analytical procedure was developed that enables routine analysis of four estrogenic hormones in concentrations below 1 ng/l in surface water and waste water in The Netherlands and shows that estrogenic hormone can be detected at low concentrations at some locations in surfaceWater.
Journal ArticleDOI

Pharmaceutical chemicals and endocrine disrupters in municipal wastewater in Tokyo and their removal during activated sludge treatment.

TL;DR: This is the first paper to report ubiquitous occurrence of crotamiton, a scabicide, in sewage and it is a promising molecular marker of sewage and secondary effluent.
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