Protein Composition of the Cell Wall and Cytoplasmic Membrane of Escherichia coli
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Envelope preparations obtained by passing Escherichia coli cells through a French pressure cell were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation into two distinct particulate fractions, and one of the proteins which is clearly localized in the cell wall is the protein with a molecular weight of 44,000, which is the major component of the envelope.Abstract:
Envelope preparations obtained by passing Escherichia coli cells through a French pressure cell were separated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation into two distinct particulate fractions. The fraction with the higher density was enriched in fragments derived from the cell wall, as indicated by the high content of lipopolysaccharide, the low content of cytochromes, and the similar morphology of the fragments and intact cell walls. The less-dense fraction was enriched in vesicles derived from the cytoplasmic membrane, as indicated by the enrichment of cytochromes, the enzymes lactic and succinic dehydrogenase and nitrate reductase, and the morphological similarity of the vesicles to intact cytoplasmic membrane. Both fractions were rich in phospholipid. The protein composition was compared by mixing the cytoplasmic membrane-enriched fraction from a (3)H-labeled culture with the cell wall-enriched fraction from a (14)C-labeled culture and examining the resulting mixture by gel electrophoresis. Thirty-four bands of radioactive protein were resolved; of these, 27 were increased two- to fourfold in the cytoplasmic membrane-enriched fraction, whereas 6 were similarly increased in the cell wall-enriched fraction. One of the proteins which is clearly localized in the cell wall is the protein with a molecular weight of 44,000, which is the major component of the envelope. This protein accounted for 70% of the total protein of the cell wall, and its occurrence in the envelope from spheroplasts suggests that it is a structural protein of the outer membranous component of the cell wall.read more
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References
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Volkmar Braun,Kurt Rehn +1 more
TL;DR: It seems that cleavage of only one peptide bond adjacent to the lysine link between the lipoprotein and the murein causes the rapid decrease of the absorbance and as shown by electron microscopic exmination of ultrathin sections of trypsin treated cell walls, two separated membrane structures appear which otherwise are closely adjacent to one another.
Journal ArticleDOI
The location of the mucopeptide in sections of the cell wall of escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria
TL;DR: Electron micrographs of sections of Escherichia coli have shown that the wall has an extra component 20–30 A in thickness on the inside of the usual double-track profile, which is considered to contain the mucopeptide characteristic of bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
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W. Weidel,H. Frank,H. H. Martin +2 more
TL;DR: The structure conferring rigidity and shape on the complex cell wall of Escherichia coli strain B has been isolated in a state virtually free from other wall material and shows a characteristic surface pattern which indicates the fairly simple principles of its construction.
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Ultrastructure of the cell wall of Escherichia coli and chemical nature of its constituent layers
TL;DR: The chemical nature of the layers constituting the wall of E. coli was studied by examining the modifications induced in the ultrastructure of the wall by several enzymatic and chemical treatments, which could account for the available electron microscopic and chemical data.