Recommendations for use of antiretroviral drugs in pregnant hiv-1-infected women for maternal health and interventions to reduce perinatal hiv-1 transmission in the United States

TLDR: Tissue specimens showing more than 5 neutrophils/HPF show a sensitivity of 43% to 84% in specificity of 93% to 97% and the preferred culture sources are blood cultures or bone biopsy.

Abstract: Associations: Most common: S. aureus Foreign body: Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus or P. acnes Nosocomial: Enterobacteraceae, P. aeruginosa, Candida Bites, diabetic foot lesions, and decubitus ulcers: Streptococci and anaerobes Sickle cell disease: Salmonella or S. pneumonia HIV: Bartonella Bites, human or animal: P. multocida, E. corrodens Immunosuppressed: Aspergillis, C. albicans, Mycobacteria Populations where these organisms are prevalent: Brucella, TB, Coxiella burnetti, endemic fungi Microbiology and histology. The preferred culture sources are blood cultures (which are usually positive only with hematogenous osteomyelitis) or bone biopsy. Cultures from sinus tracts are often misleading. Tissue specimens showing more than 5 neutrophils/HPF show a sensitivity of 43% to 84% in specificity of 93% to 97% (AbdulKarim FW. Mod Pathol. 1998;11:427).