Regulation and isoform function of the V-ATPases.
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TLDR
A number of mechanisms are employed to regulate V-ATPase activity in vivo, including reversible dissociation of the V(1) and V(0) domains, control of the tightness of coupling of proton transport and ATP hydrolysis, and selective targeting of V- ATPases to distinct cellular membranes.Abstract:
The vacuolar (H+)-ATPases are ATP-dependent proton pumps that acidify intracellular compartments and, in some cases, transport protons across the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Intracellular V-ATPases play an important role in normal physiological processes such as receptor-mediated endocytosis, intracellular membrane trafficking, pro-hormone processing, protein degradation, and the coupled uptake of small molecules, such as neurotransmitters. They also function in the entry of various pathogenic agents, including many envelope viruses, like influenza virus, and toxins, like anthrax toxin. Plasma membrane V-ATPases function in renal pH homeostasis, bone resorption and sperm maturation, and various disease processes, including renal tubular acidosis, osteopetrosis, and tumor metastasis. V-ATPases are composed of a peripheral V1 domain containing eight different subunits that is responsible for ATP hydrolysis and an integral V0 domain containing six different subunits that translocates protons. In mam...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lysosomal Acidification Mechanisms
TL;DR: Both the V-ATPase and the counterion transporter are likely to be important players in the mechanisms determining the steady-state pH of the lysosome interior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial ATP synthase: architecture, function and pathology
TL;DR: Questions remain to be answered regarding the structure of subunits, the function of the rotary nanomotor at a molecular level, and the human complex V assembly process, which will guide physio(patho)logical studies, paving the way for future therapeutic interventions.
Journal ArticleDOI
V‐ATPase Interacts with ARNO and Arf6 in Early Endosomes and Regulates the Protein Degradative Pathway
Andrés Hurtado-Lorenzo,Mhairi A. Skinner,Jaafar El Annan,Masamitsu Futai,Ge-Hong Sun-Wada,Sylvain G. Bourgoin,James E. Casanova,Alan G. Wildeman,Dennis A. Ausiello,Dennis Brown,Vladimir Marshansky +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate that the recruitment of the small GTPase Arf6 and ARNO from cytosol to endosomal membranes is driven by V-ATPase-dependent intra-endosomal acidification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular mechanisms of endolysosomal Ca2+ signalling in health and disease
TL;DR: The role of the Ca2+-mobilizing messenger NAADP (nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate) as a major regulator of Ca2+, and the recent discovery of an endolysosomal channel family, the TPCs (two-pore channels), as its principal intracellular targets are discussed.
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Disorders of lysosomal acidification—The emerging role of v-ATPase in aging and neurodegenerative disease
TL;DR: The unique vulnerability of neurons to persistent low level lysosomal dysfunction is discussed and recent clinical and experimental studies that link dysfunction of the v-ATPase complex to neurodegenerative diseases across the age spectrum are reviewed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Structure at 2.8 A resolution of F1-ATPase from bovine heart mitochondria.
TL;DR: The crystal structure of bovine mitochondrial F1-ATPase determined at 2.8 Å resolution supports a catalytic mechanism in intact ATP synthase in which the three catalytic subunits are in different states of the catalytic cycle at any instant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Vacuolar ATPases: rotary proton pumps in physiology and pathophysiology.
TL;DR: The acidity of intracellular compartments and the extracellular environment is crucial to various cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, protein degradation, bone resorption and sperm maturation, and the V-ATPases represent attractive and potentially highly specific drug targets.
Journal ArticleDOI
The vacuolar (H+)-ATPases--nature's most versatile proton pumps.
Tsuyoshi Nishi,Michael Forgac +1 more
TL;DR: The pH of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells is a carefully controlled parameter that affects many cellular processes, including intrACEllular membrane transport, prohormone processing and transport of neurotransmitters, as well as the entry of many viruses into cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mannose 6-phosphate receptors: new twists in the tale
TL;DR: Evidence is emerging that one of the M6P receptors can regulate cell growth and motility, and that it functions as a tumour suppressor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Loss of the ClC-7 Chloride Channel Leads to Osteopetrosis in Mice and Man
Uwe Kornak,Dagmar Kasper,Michael R. Bösl,Edelgard Kaiser,Michaela Schweizer,Ansgar Schulz,Wilhelm Friedrich,Günter Delling,Thomas J. Jentsch +8 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that ClC-7 provides the chloride conductance required for an efficient proton pumping by the H(+)-ATPase of the osteoclast ruffled membrane.
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