Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Secondary Metabolites and Brassinosteroids in Plant Defense Against Environmental Stresses
TLDR
The present review focuses on current understanding of how plants respond to the generation of excessive ROS and the role of secondary metabolites and brassinosteroids in countering the adverse effects of environmental stresses.Abstract:
Being sessile, plants are subjected to a diverse array of environmental stresses during their life span. Exposure of plants to environmental stresses results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These activated oxygen species tend to oxidize various cellular biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, a process that challenges the core existence of the cell. To prevent the accumulation of these ROS and to sustain their own survival, plants have developed an intricate antioxidative defence system. The antioxidative defence system comprises various enzymatic and nonenzymatic molecules, produced to counter the adverse effect of environmental stresses. A sizable number of these molecules belong to the category of compounds called secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites are organic compounds that are not directly involved in the growth and development of plants but perform specialized functions under a given set of conditions. Absence of secondary metabolites results in long-term impairment of the plant’s survivability. Such compounds generally include pigments, phenolics, and so on. Plant phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and lignin precursors have been reported to accumulate in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses and are regarded as crucial defence compounds that can scavenge harmful ROS. Another important category of plant metabolites, called brassinosteroids, exhibit stress regulatory and growth-promoting activity and are classified as phytohormones. Elucidation of the physiological and molecular effects of secondary metabolites and brassinosteroids have catapulted them as highly promising and environment-friendly natural substances, suitable for wider application in plant protection and crop yield promotion. The present review focuses on our current understanding of how plants respond to the generation of excessive ROS and the role of secondary metabolites and brassinosteroids in countering the adverse effects of environmental stresses.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of developmental and environmental factors on secondary metabolites in medicinal plants.
TL;DR: The results of these reviews can know how developmental and environmental factors qualitatively and quantitatively influence SMs of medicinal plants and how these can be integrated as tools to quality control, as well as on the improvement of clinical curative effects by altering their genomes, and/or growth conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biostimulants and crop responses: a review
TL;DR: Biostimulants are plant extracts that contain a wide range of bioactive compounds that are mostly still unknown and are usually able to improve the nutrient use efficiency of the plant and enhance tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive oxygen species and heavy metal stress in plants: Impact on the cell wall and secondary metabolism
Roberto Berni,Roberto Berni,Marie Luyckx,Xuan Xu,Sylvain Legay,Kjell Sergeant,Jean-Francois Hausman,Stanley Lutts,Giampiero Cai,Gea Guerriero +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of heavy metal-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) on plant cell wall-related processes and the stimulatory/inhibitory effects of ROS on plant secondary metabolism were investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes confer drought tolerance of Amaranthus tricolor.
TL;DR: It is clearly evident that CAT, ascorbate-glutathione cycle and SOD played a significant activity in ROS detoxification of tolerant A. tricolor variety.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drought Stress Effects on Growth, ROS Markers, Compatible Solutes, Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity in Amaranthus tricolor
Umakanta Sarker,Shinya Oba +1 more
TL;DR: The increased content of ascorbic acid indicated the crucial role of the ASC–GSH cycle for scavenging ROS in A. tricolor cultivar, and positive correlations among MDA, H2O2, compatible solutes, and non-enzymatic antioxidant suggested that compatible solute andnon-enzysmatic antioxidant played vital role in detoxifying of ROS in the cultivar.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Role of putrescine in salt tolerance of Atropa belladonna plant
TL;DR: Presoaking seeds in 10 −2 mM putrescine can alleviate the adverse effect of NaCl during germination and early seedling growth of Atropa belladonna and increase alkaloids as well as endogenous putRescine.
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Brassinosteroids: Distribution in plants, bioassays and microanalysts by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry
TL;DR: Data strongly suggest that brassinosteroids occur widely in the plant kingdom, as in the case of other known plant hormones, and that BRs play some physiological functions in plant growth and development.
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Secondary Metabolites from Inula britannica L. and Their Biological Activities
Abdul Latif Khan,Javid Hussain,Muhammad Hamayun,Syed Amir Gilani,Shabir Ahmad,Gauhar Rehman,Yoon Ha Kim,Sang-Mo Kang,In-Jung Lee +8 more
TL;DR: Inula britannica L., family Asteraceae, is used in traditional Chinese and Kampo Medicines for various diseases and has shown diverse biological activities: anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective activities.
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Effects of brassinosteroids on barley root growth, antioxidant system and cell division
TL;DR: One of the first detailed analyses of HBR effect on barley root development is presented here, which shows more mitotic activity, mitotic abnormalities and significant enlargements at the root tips when compared with control material.
Potential of salt and drought stress to increase pharmaceutical significant secondary compounds in plants
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the pflanzenphysiologische bearbeitung of pflanzlichen Sekundarstoffwechsels is presented.