Safety Studies on Intrahepatic or Intratumoral Injection of Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Expressing Interferon-β in Rodents and Nonhuman Primates
Nathan Jenks,Rae Myers,Suzanne Greiner,Jill Thompson,Emily K. Mader,Andrew Greenslade,Guy E. Griesmann,Mark J. Federspiel,Jorge Rakela,Mitesh J. Borad,Richard G. Vile,Glen N. Barber,Thomas R. Meier,Michael C. Blanco,Stephanie K. Carlson,Stephen J. Russell,Kah Whye Peng +16 more
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A cautious approach to dose escalation is proposed in a phase I clinical trial among patients with HCC using VSV-hIFNbeta injected into the left hepatic lobe under computed tomographic guidance.Abstract:
The present study reports on the safety and toxicity of an oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based gene therapy in animal models in preparation for clinical trials for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To restrict spread of the oncolytic virus beyond the tumor, the VSV vector carries human interferon-β for its potent antiviral effect. The study design used rat and nonhuman primate models, and included an evaluation of safety.read more
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New viruses for cancer therapy: meeting clinical needs
Tanner Miest,Roberto Cattaneo +1 more
TL;DR: The virotherapy field now has available a diverse collection of viruses that are equipped to address unmet clinical needs owing to improved systemic administration, greater tumour specificity and enhanced oncolytic efficacy.
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Vesicular stomatitis virus as a flexible platform for oncolytic virotherapy against cancer
TL;DR: Preclinical studies with various cancers have demonstrated that Vesicular stomatitis virus is a promising OV; as a result, a human clinical trial using VSV is currently in progress, and alternative delivery methods are also being studied to minimize premature immune clearance of VSV.
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Understanding and altering cell tropism of vesicular stomatitis virus
TL;DR: It is very important to understand the determinants of VSV tropism and develop strategies to alter it to benefit basic research and clinically relevant applications.
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Review: Oncolytic virotherapy, updates and future directions
TL;DR: Direct and indirect mechanisms of tumor killing provide rationale for clinical trials investigating the combination of OVs other forms of cancer therapy, including immune checkpoint inhibition.
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Oncolytic viruses: From bench to bedside with a focus on safety.
TL;DR: In the current review, an overview is presented on recent (pre)clinical developments in the field of oncolytic viruses that have previously been or currently are being evaluated in clinical trials.
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TL;DR: The interface between an infectious agent and its host represents the ultimate battleground for survival: the microbe must secure a niche for replication, whereas the host must limit the pathogen's advance.
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VSV strains with defects in their ability to shutdown innate immunity are potent systemic anti-cancer agents
David F. Stojdl,Brian D. Lichty,Benjamin R. tenOever,Jennifer M Paterson,Anthony T Power,Shane Knowles,Ricardo Marius,Jennifer Reynard,Laurent Poliquin,Harold L. Atkins,Earl G. Brown,Russell K. Durbin,Joan E. Durbin,John Hiscott,John C. Bell +14 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that the attenuated vesicular stomatitis strains, AV1 and AV2, embody all of the traits of an oncolytic virus, which will replicate preferentially in malignant cells, have the ability to treat disseminated metastases, and ultimately be cleared by the patient.
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Vesicular stomatitis virus: re-inventing the bullet
TL;DR: Strains of VSV that induce or direct the production of interferon are superior to wild-type strains of the virus for inducing oncolysis and might also make better vaccine vectors.