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Sensitivity of influenza rapid diagnostic tests to H5N1 and 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses.

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TLDR
The results indicate that the detection sensitivity to swine origin H1N1 viruses varies widely among IRDTs, with some tests lacking sufficient sensitivity to detect the early stages of infection when the virus load is low.
Abstract
Simple and rapid diagnosis of influenza is useful for making treatment decisions in the clinical setting. Although many influenza rapid diagnostic tests (IRDTs) are available for the detection of seasonal influenza virus infections, their sensitivity for other viruses, such as H5N1 viruses and the recently emerged swine origin pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, remains largely unknown. Here, we examined the sensitivity of 20 IRDTs to various influenza virus strains, including H5N1 and 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses. Our results indicate that the detection sensitivity to swine origin H1N1 viruses varies widely among IRDTs, with some tests lacking sufficient sensitivity to detect the early stages of infection when the virus load is low.

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Evaluation of saliva as diagnostic materials for influenza virus infection by PCR-based assays.

TL;DR: Saliva can be used as an alternative specimen source to nasopharyngeal swabs and point-of-care test based on PCR may be realized using saliva without restriction of materials when rapid PCR assay including RNA extraction to be full-automation in a miniaturized machine.
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Avian Influenza Virus Detection by Optimized Peptide Termination on a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode

TL;DR: The improved electrode was detectable for avian viruses isolated from H5N3, H7N1, and H9N2, showing the potential for the detection of all subtypes of influenza A virus, including new subtypes.
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Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test, NanoSign® Influenza A/B Antigen, for detection of the 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 viruses

TL;DR: As the NanoSign® Influenza A/B kit showed relatively high sensitivity and specificity and the good correlation with RT-PCR, it will be very useful in the early control of influenza infection and in helping physicians in making early treatment decisions.
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H5N1-SeroDetect EIA and Rapid Test: a Novel Differential Diagnostic Assay for Serodiagnosis of H5N1 Infections and Surveillance

TL;DR: The establishment of H5N1 SeroDetect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and rapid test assays based on three peptides in HA2, PB1-F2, and M2e that are highly conserved within H4N1 strains that could provide an important tool for large-scale surveillance for potential exposure to HP H5n1 strains in both humans and birds.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Avian influenza A virus (H7N7) associated with human conjunctivitis and a fatal case of acute respiratory distress syndrome

TL;DR: Because H7N7 viruses have caused disease in mammals, including horses, seals, and humans, on several occasions in the past, they may be unusual in their zoonotic potential and, thus, form a pandemic threat to humans.
Journal ArticleDOI

Neuraminidase Inhibitors for Influenza

TL;DR: The potential for the development of resistance especially limits the use of the adamantanes for the treatment of influenza, although the drugs still have a place in planning for prophylaxis during an epidemic.
Journal ArticleDOI

Factors associated with death or hospitalization due to pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection in California.

TL;DR: In the first 16 weeks of the current pandemic, the median age of hospitalized infected cases was younger than is common with seasonal influenza, and most cases had established risk factors for complications of seasonal influenza.
Journal ArticleDOI

Human infection with influenza H9N2

TL;DR: It is shown that serum samples from blood donors in Hong Kong had neutralising antibody suggestive of prior infection with influenza H9N2.
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